THIS LIFE IS PROBLEM

Harga Tragedi 9/11

2011-09-14T03:06:00.000-07:00

Harga Tragedi 9/11

Joseph Stiglitz (AP Photo)

VIVAnews - Peristiwa 11 September 2001, yang dikenal dengan Tragedi 9/11, merupakan ulah Al-Qaeda untuk mencederai Amerika Serikat. Tentu saja, niat itu berhasil. Namun, Osama bin Laden tak pernah membayangkan efeknya. Reaksi Presiden AS ketika itu, George W. Bush, menodai prinsip dasar negeri Paman Sam, menggerogoti perekonomian bangsa itu, serta melemahkan keamanan.

Serbuan ke Afghanistan pasca serangan teroris masih bisa dipahami. Tapi, invasi ke Irak sungguh tak ada kaitannya dengan Al-Qaeda - bagaimanapun kerasnya Bush berupaya mencari-cari hubungannya. Kemudian, perang AS melawan Irak menjadi amat mahal - yang pada awalnya membutuhkan lebih dari US$60 miliar (Rp551,5 triliun).

Ketika saya dan Linda Bilmes menghitung biaya perang yang mesti dikeluarkan AS tiga tahun lalu, angka kasar berada di kisaran US$3-5 triliun. Sejak itu, anggaran kian meningkat. Dengan nyaris 50 persen jumlah tentara yang kembali dan bisa menerima santunan cacat tubuh dan lebih dari 600 ribu veteran yang menjalani perawatan medis, kami menduga bahwa uang bagi tentara yang cacat dan biaya kesehatan akan mencapai sekitar US$600-900 miliar.

Di luar itu, biaya sosial yang muncul seperti tindakan bunuh diri yang diambil oleh para veteran perang (yang beberapa tahun belakangan menyentuh 18 kejadian per hari) dan retaknya rumah tangga tak bisa dihitung secara pasti.

Bahkan, jika Bush mendapatkan maaf atas jasanya menyertakan AS dan negara-negara lain dalam perak melawan Irak, tak ada ampun bagi Bush atas cara yang ia pilih untuk membiayai perang. Sepanjang sejarah, perang Bush itu adalah satu-satunya yang dibiayai sepenuhnya dari pinjaman. Pada saat AS tengah berperang, dengan defisit yang kian meningkat setelah pemotongan pajak di tahun 2001, Bush memutuskan bahwa golongan kaya di negeri itu pantas mendapatkan keringanan pajak.

Hari-hari ini, AS tengah berkutat dengan pengangguran dan defisit. Ancaman yang bisa menjatuhkan AS di masa mendatang dapat dilacak hingga perang di Afghanistan dan Irak. Melonjaknya belanja pertahanan, bersamaan dengan pemotongan pajak, merupakan faktor kunci yang menguak penyebab mengapa AS beringsut dari yang mulanya mencetak keuntungan fiskal hingga 2 persen dari PDB ketika Bush terpilih menjadi dirongrong utang. Belanja langsung pemerintah untuk kedua perang itu mencapai kira-kira US$2 triliun - US$17.000 per keluarga.

Selain itu, saya dan Bilmes menegaskan dalam buku kami yang berjudul "The Three Million Dollar War" (Perang Tiga Juta Dolar) bahwa perang di Afghanistan dan Irak telah melemahkan ekonomi makro AS dan memperuncing defisit serta utang. Kini, gejolak di Timur Tengah memicu membubungnya harga minyak. Bangsa Amerika dituntut mengeluarkan uang lebih banyak demi mengimpor minyak. Padahal, mereka bisa memakai uang itu untuk membeli lebih banyak produk domestik.

Namun, Bank Sentral AS (Federal Reserve) menyembunyikan keburukan itu dengan menciptakan gelembung kredit perumahan yang akhirnya mendorong ledakan konsumsi. Butuh bertahun-tahun untuk mengatasi masalah itu.

Kacau Balau

Ironisnya, perang itu telah bikin keamanan AS (dan dunia) kacau-balau lagi-lagi dengan cara yang tak pernah dibayangkan oleh Bin Laden. Perang yang tak populer akan menyulitkan perekrutan tentara. Tapi, selagi Bush mencoba mengakali Amerika tentang biaya perang, ia tak memberikan sokongan dana cukup bagi para prajurit.

Ia menolak memberikan pengeluaran standar yang dibutuhkan untuk, misalnya, kendaraan lapis baja yang anti-ranjau guna melindungi pasukan. Atau, setidakya, menyediakan cukup tunjangan kesehatan bagi para veteran. Ada pengadilan di AS yang baru-baru ini menyatakan bahwa hak-hak para veteran telah dilanggar. (Hebatnya, pemerintahan Obama meminta bahwa hak veteran mengajukan banding mesti dibatasi!)

Kegagalan militer telah memunculkan kecemasan atas penggunaan kekuatan militer. Dan hal ini cenderung mengancam keamanan Amerika. Namun, kekuatan Amerika yang sejati adalah, melebihi ketangguhan militer dan ekonomi, kekuatan lunaknya: otoritas moral.

Dan, yang satu itu pun telah dilemahkan: seketika setelah AS melanggar hak asasi manusia yang mendasar seperti hak untuk tak mengalami siksaan, dunia sontak mempertanyakan komitmennya kepada hukum internasional.

Di Afghanistan dan Irak, AS dan sekutu-sekutunya tahu bahwa untuk mendapatkan kemenangan jangka panjang, hati dan pikiran harus dicuri. Namun, kesalahan demi kesalahan yang dilakukan pada awal perang memperumit perang yang telah pelik itu.

Efek samping yang ditimbulkannya dahsyat: lebih dari satu juta warga Irak tewas, langsung atau tak langsung, akibat perang. Menurut beberapa kajian, sekitar 137.000 warga sipil tewas dengan mengenaskan di Irak dan Afghanistan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Di antara bangsa Irak sendiri, 1,8 juta pengungsi mencari tempat aman dan 1,7 juta lainnya kehilangan tempat tinggal.

Tak semua konsekuensi berujung bencana. Defisit yang dialami Amerika agaknya akan menimbulkan kendala anggaran. Belanja militer AS nyaris menyamai belanja militer dunia jika disatukan dua dekade setelah era Perang Dingin berakhir.

Beberapa peningkatan belanja anggaran ditujukan ke Irak, Afghanistan dan Perang Global Melawan Terorisme. Namun, banyak dana yang terbuang sia-sia demi senjata akan dipakai untuk membinasakan musuh, yang jelas-jelas tak ada. Kini, dana itu akan didistribusikan ulang, dan AS kiranya akan mengeluarkan biaya lebih kecil untuk mengusahakan keamanan dalam negerinya.

Al-Qaeda tak lagi jadi menyembul jadi ancaman besar setelah peristiwa 11 September 10 tahun silam. Namun, harga yang harus dibayar begitu besar. Kita akan hidup dengan warisan yang ditinggalkannya dalam waktu lama. Berpikir sebelum bertindak memang ternyata penting.

--

Joseph E. Stiglitz adalah Profesor di Columbia University, peraih Nobel di bidang ekonomi, serta pengarang "Freefall: Free Markets and the Sinking of the Global Economy".

Artikel ini diterjemahkan dari laman www.project-syndicate.org

• VIVAnews

FOTO: Hotel Mayat di Jepang

2011-09-14T02:54:00.000-07:00

Denny Armandhanu

hotel mayat jepang (REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao)

VIVAnews - Kata siapa hotel hanya untuk mereka yang bernyawa? buktinya sebuah hotel di Jepang didirikan khusus untuk para mayat. Disini, mereka dibaringkan sambil menunggu giliran proses kremasi dilakukan.

Hotel yang disebut Lastel ini terletak di dekat pelabuhan kota Yokohama. Dari luar memang terlihat seperti hotel biasa, sehingga sering membuat pasangan muda yang hendak menginap tertipu. Ketika masuk ke dalam, para pengunjung dapat melihat jajaran kamar kecil dingin yang berisi peti mati.

Terdapat sekitar 40 kamar dengan pelayanan yang layaknya hotel pada umumnya. Harga sewa kamar per malamnya dipatok 12.000 yen atau sekitar Rp.1,3 juta. Pemiliknya, Hisayoshi Teramura, mengatakan bisnisnya ini maju pesat. Tidak lain karena jumlah kematian yang meningkat setiap tahunnya di Jepang.

Untuk melihat mewahnya kamar hotel untuk mayat, dapat dilihat di tautan ini.

• VIVAnews

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Tips and Tricks on Using Twitter for Business

2010-03-17T07:46:00.000-07:00

Have you thought about using Twitter to market your business? Twitter is free, and available to small and large businesses. Here are some tips and tricks on using Twitter to promote your business.

Here are four tips to use your Twitter account effectively. Following other Twitter accounts that are in your target demographic will help you get an idea of what the conversation is. Then you need to post updates about your company, brand or product. As with any online medium, you want to be very careful to not spam any of your followers. Lastly, make sure that you follow successful online marketers, and look for other participants who are in your industry.

First Build an Account for Twitter Marketing

The first thing that you should do is to set up your Twitter account and populate it with several interesting Tweets, which are Twitter posts. Then begin following people who are also using Twitter, and you will find that most people will follow back. When your entire Twitter feed has blanks, though, most people will not bother to follow you. Once you start a micro blog post, you can get on with following any target demographic, and this can be done in either of two different ways.

1. Go to Twitter.com and do a search by typing in keywords that relate to the demographic that you are targeting. For example, if you are trying to sell an application for the iPhone, you would enter the keyword 'iPhone' or 'iPhone app' or anything that may find people who own an iPhone. It's easy to follow people. If your posts are interesting and relevant, you will probably pick up some followers this way.

2. Locate Twitter accounts that you want to follow by clicking the 'Find People' option. Then enter your keywords, related industries, locations or other defining detail to locate followers, and begin following them.

Twitter Marketing Uses Current Information

By adding news that is interesting and relevant about your services or product, you can keep your Tweets current. You can also add information about related news for your industry to keep Tweets interesting and informative. For example, if you sell cooking gadgets, you may want to post news about food and recipes.

As you work on developing your targeted demographic, you need to keep your followers engaged, so you will want to tweet, or post, often. Make sure to retweet relevant tweets from other Twitter followers. This is another great way to pick up new followers, and when they start to follow you, you also are plugged into their followers. Retweeting is one of the fastest ways to build your following or network.

By checking with search.twitter.com frequently you can look for brand names and see what customers are saying. You can follow these Twitter accounts and thank them. If you see customers who are angry or dissatisfied, you can follow them as well. Then you can retweet them and solicit solutions to the problem. Your customers will be thrilled with the feedback from you, and even more thrilled when you rectify the situation. Twitter makes it easy to grow a 'word of mouth' reputation virally.

Twitter Marketing and Spam Do Not Mix

Spam in any electronic media is the kiss of death. If you begin spamming your followers, they will drop you like a hot potato. Spam activity would include only posting information on your products, retweeting the same URL repeatedly, obnoxious Twitter handles, and frivolous tweets. Twitter followers are savvy consumers, and anything deceptive or patronizing is going to leave a bad taste in their mouth.

Twitter Marketing Can Assess the Competition

If you want to build a quality following, then follow quality people on Twitter. There are many online marketers that are experts on Twitter like Dave Peck, Chris Brogan and Guy Kawasaki, and they should definitely be included in your list on Twitter. Also look for corporations that are active on Twitter. They are blazing a trail with their marketing, and you can get good marketing information from them.

Do not forget to look at what your competition is doing. See how they are going about increasing their own following on Twitter. If you want to be a smart marketer online, then you need to constantly be aware of what your competition is doing out in cyberspace. You have a huge marketing opening if they rarely post on Twitter, don't retweet, or attend to negative posts.

Twitter Marketing Requires Patience

When you are using Twitter as part of your Internet marketing plan, you need to give it time to work. Twitter results take a while to appear, because it is one of the more long-term strategies. You will have to build up your networks and following, and if you use the correct strategies, it will happen in a timely manner. However, do not start a Twitter campaign if you are not going to see it through to completion, because an unattended Twitter account is worse than no account at all.

Once you have built a good Twitter following, then you want to market with a gentle touch. Instead of using 'in your face' marketing tactics, pose a question where your product or service is the answer. Tweet that there are updates on your company's blog instead of trying to cram the information into your tweet, and people that want to know more will click through to your blog.

Always respond when your followers tweet you. If you do not keep up with your following, it will begin to crumble. If you have too large of a following to maintain, then outsource your retweets or assign an employee to monitor and reply to your followers.

Twitter is an interactive marketing tool, and because of this it is valuable in two ways. While it is instrumental in getting your message out, it is also hugely helpful in taking the pulse of your customers. So make sure that your Twitter marketing efforts start strong and more importantly stay strong.

By Anton Pearce

Xbox 360 'Valhalla' motherboard leaked on Chinese forum?

2010-03-17T07:35:00.000-07:00

Been to the gym lately? If not, then let this be your new motivation. What we're looking at here is a purportedly forthcoming Xbox 360 motherboard redesign that takes aim at slimming down the portly figure of Microsoft's console. Sure, there's a small chance that this diet could be the work of a scarily talented console modder, but it'd still be a near-impossible task to work in what appears to be a CPU / GPU combo chip (pictured after the break) under that greatly reduced heatsink. Note that there's also an extra SATA port at the top left corner. Perhaps this is the "Valhalla" revision that we've all been waiting for? On a related note, Microsoft is currently hiring a Motherboard Design Engineer for the Xbox 360 Console Development team, with such saucy tasks as "specifying, designing, implementing and verifying the mother-board and other various sub-system boards that make up the XBOX 360 product line." Feel free to sign up if you
think you can hack out a better motherboard.

By Richard Lai

Dragonfly jet-powered helicopter runs on H2O2, shuns traditional tail rotors (video)

2010-03-17T07:31:00.000-07:00

By Tim Stevens

Your average whirleybird is driven by a big motor in the middle, spinning the blades one way and, as per Newton, rotating the body of the craft the other. A tail rotor counteracts the force, but a more efficient solution is to have the rotors power themselves, which is exactly how the Dragonfly DF1 works. It has tiny, hydrogen-peroxide jets on the blade tips, spinning them up without pushing the body of the helo in the other way -- though a small tail rotor is still needed to turn the craft. It's much like the tech that propelled James Bond toward his waiting DB5 in Thunderball, but unlike that jetpack this copter can fly for up to 50 minutes. It's the product of Swisscopter Americas and, while they've been playing with the DF1 for many moons now (demonstrated in a video below), the company is also working on the DF2 shown above, a rather more civilized version that seats two. The DF1 is certified for flight in the US, looks to be available for sale and, while no price is listed, they are said to be much more friendly to the environment than traditional helicopters. That'll surely add to the premium.

By Tim Stevens

No catch: your website on Google's first page

2010-03-17T07:23:00.000-07:00

Some people don't believe it: we can guarantee that your website will be found in the regular (unpaid) top 10 results on Google for the keywords of your choice. It is true and it can be done with IBP.

How can we guarantee top 10 rankings on Google and what's the catch?

Many people will tell you that it is not possible to guarantee top 10 rankings on Google. That is correct. No one can guarantee top 10 rankings except for Google's engineers.

However, our tool IBP has a success rate of more than 98% and we will give you your money back if you belong to the very few people who don't get top 10 rankings on Google with IBP.

How does it work in detail?

1. You choose the keyword and the search engine

You tell IBP for which keyword you want to get a top 10 position and you choose the search engine on which you want to have a top 10 position. This can be Google.com, Google.co.uk, many other local Google variations as well as Yahoo, Bing, their local variations and many other search engines.

2. IBP analyzes your web page

IBP's Top 10 Optimizer will then analyze all the relevant ranking elements on your web page as well as the links to your website and calculate a ranking score based on that information. The higher the ranking score, the more likely it is that your website will be listed on Google's first result page.

3. IBP tells you in detail what you have to change

If your website does not have a 100% score, IBP will tell you in plain English what exactly you have to do to improve your web page and the links to your site. The advice will be tailored to your website, the chosen search engine and the chosen keyword and IBP will tell you in detail what you have to change and how you have to change it.

4. You make the changes on your web page

In the last step, you change your web page according to the suggestions of IBP's Top 10 Optimizer until there are no further suggestions (IBP's Top 10 Optimizer gives your site a 100% rating).

That's it. No catch, no fine print. If you follow the advice of IBP's Top 10 Optimizer then your website will be listed on Google's first result page.

A real top 10 ranking guarantee should be for the keywords of your choice and it should be for the regular, unpaid search results. That's the guarantee that you get with IBP.

from sitepro news

Facebook Unseats Google As Most-Visited Site

2010-03-17T07:17:00.000-07:00

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

Social network beat search engine in the U.S., according to Hitwise

Although the "thud" wasn't verified until this afternoon, it seems that an online giant fell a couple of days ago. According to new data from Hitwise, Facebook managed to beat Google in terms of visits between March 7th and March 13th, becoming the most visited website in the U.S. for the week.

The graph visible below makes the changeup pretty clear (blame the sloppy enlarged bit on us, not Hitwise). What's more, it doesn't look like Facebook's going to relinquish its lead anytime soon.

Heather Dougherty explained, "The market share of visits to Facebook.com increased 185% last week as compared to the same week in 2009, while visits to Google.com increased 9% during the same time frame."

Then here's one more interesting fact, courtesy of Dougherty: "Together Facebook.com and Google.com accounted for 14% of all US Internet visits last week."

Anyway, this development represents a major win for Facebook. The ability to represent the social network as the number one site should count for a lot as corporate representatives talk to advertisers and investors, and could result in a direct boost in revenue. A further snowball effect in terms of user interest might occur, too, since most people like to be part of something that's popular.

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Canon captures your coffee in a 70-200mm telephoto lens

2010-03-05T00:51:00.001-08:00

OK, not really, but Canon was indeed giving out these novelty coffee mugs -- in the shape of an EF70-200mm f/4L USM lens -- at the Winter Olympic's press center, and here's Microsoft's Josh Weisberg (Director of Rich Media Group) showing off his swag to the whole world. Yes, we're just a bit envious. So anyone got a spare Canon L-Series lens that we can tamper with? Or maybe that big-daddy Sigma lens if you're game with sharing coffee?

By Richard Lai

nFocus rolls out three new large, thin displays for business, education

2010-03-05T00:11:00.001-08:00

Don't count on these being available at your local mega-electronics retailer, but InFocus' new series of large, thin displays aimed at business and education users may just have you wishing they were. Available in 42, 55, and 65-inch varieties, the slim, professional-grade displays all pack a full 1080p resolution, a generous supply of inputs (including HDMI, VGA and RS232 for Crestron and AMX integration), a split screen feature to accommodate two separate video sources, and some anti-burn-in technology that will let you leave a pie chart up on the screen all day without any worries (if that's your thing). Of course, professional-grade also come with professional-grade prices, and these are no exception, with them running $1,399, $2,599, and $7,499 -- although InFocus insists they are aimed at the "budget-conscious professional."

By Donald Melanson

Archos Phone Tablet shelved due to lack of carrier support?

2010-03-05T00:02:00.001-08:00

We'd already heard that Archos' Android-based phone tablet might be in trouble if the company wasn't able to line up at least two carriers to support it, and it looks like that unfortunate end may have now come to pass. While Archos itself still isn't saying anything, French daily Les Echos is reporting that the company has indeed shelved its plans for the phone, and is apparently returning its focus to its line of non-phone internet tablets. Of course, the phone does still exist, so there's always a slight chance that it could make a comeback, but the word out of CeBIT seems to be painting a pretty grim picture.

By Donald Melanson

2010-03-05T00:02:00.000-08:00

Archos Phone Tablet shelved due to lack of carrier support?

By Donald Melanson

Verizon's HTC Incredible spotted again, looking as red-accented as ever

2010-03-05T00:00:00.000-08:00

We're missing that crazy contoured back this time around, but otherwise, HTC's so-called Incredible for Verizon is looking as real and ready for action as it ever has in these latest shots leaked over at Phandroid. It's hard to say whether these crimson bits are going to make it to production -- they seem a little too spectacular for a high-end device that Verizon will want to appeal to the masses, but then again, red is Verizon's color, so who knows? We've seen from countless prototypes in the past (Moto's Morrison comes immediately to mind) that they're often given special colors, presumably to identify bandits trying to expose them as anonymously as possible -- and we're tentatively going to say we dig it here. AT&T's gone wacky on us in the past, but is Verizon hip enough to ship a phone this edgy? Release rumors span from March to May at this point, so we'll know within the next couple months what's what.

By Chris Ziegler

2010-03-04T23:59:00.000-08:00

North Korea's Red Star OS takes the 'open' out of 'open source'

You know, Tux always seemed so harmless... little did we know that he is actually a Che Guevara-type figure who's been traveling around the world, fighting the good fight on any number of fronts. First, Cuba announces its national Linux variant, Nova, and now? Red Star is North Korea's very own Linux-based operating system, featuring a desktop very similar to Windows -- but for the red star that replaces the Start button. It first came to light when Mikhail, a Russian blogger living in Pyongyang, picked up a copy for $5 near Kim Il-sung University. The install disk apparently features a quote from Kim Jong-il about the importance of an operating system "compatible with Korean traditions," and the system requirements are a Pentium III 800MHz with 256MB RAM and 3GB hard drive space (North Korea's version of Minesweeper must take up a lot of room). Of course, this bad boy has Firefox -- except here it's called My Country, and it will only connect you to something called "My Country BBS," a web portal on North Korea's own (restricted) version of the Internet. Where will the plucky penguin turn up next? We don't know, but we bet it'll be one hell of a ride.

By Joseph L. Flatley

2010-03-04T23:57:00.000-08:00

Apple / Nokia federal lawsuit put on hold pending ITC investigation

We normally wouldn't cover something so procedural, but given the heightened interesting Apple's patent dealings this week, we thought we'd note that Cupertino's tiff with Nokia in the federal courts has been put on hold while both companies argue their case before the US International Trade Commission. We expected the ITC to be the primary front in this fight from the start, but now we'll be particularly focused on the Commission's ruling, since several of the patent claims Apple's asserting against Nokia in this case are also being claimed against HTC. We don't have a timeline on when the Commission will reach a decision, but we'll keep an eye on things.

By Nilay Patel

Windows Phone 7 Series hands-on and impressions (updated with video)

2010-03-04T23:47:00.000-08:00

Forget everything you know about Windows Mobile. Seriously, throw the whole OS concept in a garbage bin or incinerator or something. Microsoft has done what would have been unthinkable for the company just a few years ago: started from scratch. At least, that's how things look (and feel) with Windows Phone 7 Series. This really is a completely new OS -- and not just Microsoft's new OS, it's a new smartphone OS, like webOS new, like iPhone OS new. You haven't used an interface like this before (well, okay, if you've used a Zune HD then you've kind of used an interface like this). Still, 7 Series goes wider and deeper than the Zune by a longshot, and it's got some pretty intense ideas about how you're supposed to be interacting with a mobile device. We had a chance to go hands-on with the dev phone before today's announcement, and hear from some of the people behind the devices, and here's our takeaway. (And don't worry, we've got loads of pictures and video coming, so keep checking this post for the freshest updates).

First the look and feel. The phones are really secondary here, and we want to focus on the interface. The design and layout of 7 Series' UI (internally called Metro) is really quite original, utilizing what one of the designers (Albert Shum, formerly of Nike) calls an "authentically digital" and "chromeless" experience. What does that mean? Well we can tell you what it doesn't mean -- no shaded icons, no faux 3D or drop shadows, no busy backgrounds (no backgrounds at all), and very little visual flair besides clean typography and transition animations. The whole look is strangely reminiscent of a terminal display (maybe Microsoft is recalling its DOS roots here) -- almost Tron-like in its primary color simplicity. To us, it's rather exciting. This OS looks nothing like anything else on the market, and we think that's to its advantage. Admittedly, we could stand for a little more information available within single views, and we have yet to see how the phone will handle things like notifications, but the design of the interface is definitely in a class of its own. Here's a few takeaways on what it's like to use (and some video)...

Windows Phone 7 Series first look

Windows Phone 7 Series UI walkthrough

Start screen: the Start experience is completely revamped, now focusing on sets of tiles which represent links to applications or contacts. It's a completely contextual experience which can be customized both by users and carriers, and allows people to "promote" items higher up in the list. To the right of this screen is a long, vertical list of all your apps for quick jumps. It will take some time getting used to this layout; one or two tiles per line, and that long list which goes up and down rather than left and right, but honestly -- this does have some advantages. Things seems less out of reach in this configuration, and Microsoft swears that they'll be working closely with developers to build widgets that make use of the concept.

General phone navigation: If you've used the Zune HD, you know what this is like. Lots of bold text on the device, lists with text cut off on the sides of the phone, and additional screens to the left and right driven by arrows pointing you in either direction. For the most part this works, though in instances like email, it feels like there's a bit of wasted space. Everything else is super stripped down -- the calendar app looks like vector line art (and weirdly one of our favorite parts of the phone), the browser seems to be using the bare minimum to show its content (which isn't necessarily a bad thing), and the phone application is essentially monochromatic. On the other hand, you've got a beautiful and robust photo app (with pinch to zoom, as in the browser), and the Zune end of things is perfectly integrated... but what did you expect? Oh, and never mind that this is the first time Microsoft is bringing Zune to the rest of the world.

The sheer minimalism of the interface is striking, and we're really impressed by how many risks Microsoft is taking here. It's hard to believe that just a year ago this company was showing off WM 6.5, which now looks ages behind what they've turned around with today. We're not sure if someone was just let off the leash or if we're seeing a newer, smarter, more agile Microsoft, but the 7 Series concept definitely shows that this company is learning from its mistakes.

It's not a flawless experience. There are still some points that need polishing, and we saw our share of missed touches and weird behavior, but in comparison to another new OS we just saw (Bada), there's not even a competition. The browser also still needs a bit of work -- page rendering isn't as snappy as we would have liked to see, though it does seem to be true to page layout, which is a great step in the right direction. It's clear that the team we met here in Barcelona is still hard at work on refining and perfecting the work they've started. And honestly, for the first time in a long time, we're excited about Microsoft in the mobile space. If they can deliver on the promises of 7 Series, this could change the current landscape of the smartphone market... but that's a lot to deliver on. Hold tight, because things are really starting to get interesting.

Google: It May Be Time for a New Term

2010-03-04T23:14:00.000-08:00

Last year, Google quietly got rid of PageRank in Webmaster Tools. Google Webmaster Trends Analyst Susan Moskwa had said, "We've been telling people for a long time that they shouldn't focus on PageRank so much; many site owners seem to think it's the most important metric for them to track, which is simply not true. We removed it because we felt it was silly to tell people not to think about it, but then to show them the data, implying that they should look at it."

Note: Watch exclusive interview with Google's Matt Cutts at at live.webpronews.com.

A lot of people wondered why Google would keep PageRank in the Google Toolbar, where it still sits to this day. Search enthusiast Barry Schwartz of Rusty Brick speculated that Google would not want to remove it because PageRank is "too much of their branding." After some words from Google's Director of Research, Peter Norvig today, however, I'm not so sure that's the case.

Note: Watch Norvig's keynote address here (or view our liveblog of the event), and our exclusive interviw with him here:

Norvig said at SMX today that PageRank is still one thing that is "overhyped," and that Google never felt that it was such a big factor. They have always looked at all available data, combining every available signal and tiring to figure out the best way to combine them.

Norvig also said that it may be time for some re-branding with regard to PageRank. There may be a different term in the pipeline. "There's a technical formula that's PageRank, which is the way of judging the links between pages, and that's just one component of how we rank the pages and you get your final search results. There's all these other things that come in, but they don't have a catchy name. So some people apply PageRank to mean all the components that give you the final ranking, and that's where we get confused. So probably we need some other term for that...We'll get some marketing guys on it."

I don't know how seriously the company is considering this, as Norvig seems to simply be speaking off the cuff, but given the company's repeated emphasis on a lack of emphasis on PageRank, it would not be surprising to see them change the name. However, the problem with that could be, that these same PR-obsessed webmasters would just become obsessed with the re-branded term.

Link Building Best Practices - A Guide to Effective Link Building Methods

2010-03-04T23:05:00.000-08:00

Just to cover the ground, lets go over what link building is quickly. Link building is the process of building backlinks to your site. The more backlinks (links from other sites to your site) a site has, the higher it ranks on the search engines. Link building therefore is a mission of all money makíng webmasters.

Link building methods have changed from time to time and a specific method that worked yesterday may not work today. This is due to changes in the industry over time and in some cases extreme abuse. If a specific link building method has been abused too much, then that method will not work anymore.

It is therefore very important to know which link building method works today so that you can spend your time in a most productive way.

There are many link building methods out there today that work with some working better than others. Below are some of the today's popular links building methods:

Article Submission

If you are reading this article, then you know that you can publish your article in article directories. Not only do you gain backlinks to your site from your published articles (see bottom of this article), you will get some traffic as a bonus. Think of you reading this article. There might be many reading your published articles as well.

Article submission is a great way of building backlinks as it provides you with 100% relevant contextual backlinks that Google loves.

Directory submission used to work lot better before, but it is still a popular link building method that still works if done properly. How many directories are out there as of this date is anyone's guess but one thing is certain: that most of the directories aren't worth submitting to.

Google considers a Yahoo Directory link as a quality backlink so if you can afford and justify the cost, it is worth submítting to Yahoo Directory. Yahoo charges $300 for a yearly submission and there is no assurance that your site will be approved!

Directory Submission

DMOZ is another directory that is worth submitting to and can provide great benefit in your SEO campaign. It may take months to get the approval from DMOZ and the chance of getting approved is pretty slim. A lot of small directories use the DMOZ directory categories so getting listed with DMOZ would mean getting bonus listings on many other web directories.

Another good directory to submit to is the BOTW dírectory that costs $99 for a yearly submission and $299 for a permanent listing.

Other than the above, you should look for quality directories where you can submit your site. You can judge the quality of the directories by analyzing the number of sites listed, number of backlinks the directory has, PR, age of the directory, etc.

Social Bookmarking

Social bookmarking worked like charm only a few months ago. If bookmarked on authority and quality bookmarking sites like Digg, Mixx, Propeller, etc, then you can still make good use of social bookmarking. Other than backlinks, social bookmarking also offers you some bonus traffic depending on where you submit to. If you can manage to put together or collect a good bookmarking site líst, then social bookmarking can still be a useful link building method.

Blog Commenting

This is a link building method where lots of spamming has already been done so to make the best of it, you need to work a little harder here. It is best to find quality blogs related to your category and make on-topic relevant comments. Not only do your comments add value to the blogpost, you now have a greater chance of getting your comment approved and your comments have greater chance of staying on those blogposts.

Press Releases

Submitting to press release sites can get you some backlinks as well. It is however hard to put together a líst of good press release sites that are worth submitting to. If a good líst can be managed, then this method can give some quality relevant backlinks as well.

Social Media and Web 2.0 Pages

There are a lot of quality social media and Web 2.0 sites where you can publish your articles for backlinks. You should write articles that are relevant to your site and publish them on these social media and Web 2.0 sites with your keywords hyperlinked to your site. Some of the authority sites are Squidoo, Hubpages, Blogger, Wordpress.com, etc.

Social media and Web 2.0 links are very popular these days because they work great. They give quality, relevant contextual backlinks that Google and other major search engines love. There are lots of other link building methods out there, but if you can utilize the above ones to their fullest potential, there is no need for any other methods.

About The Author
For more information on Link Building and to learn about outsourcing your link building campaign, visit the author's Link Building Service site.

Why Stop at Google, Yahoo, and Bing?

2010-03-04T23:04:00.000-08:00

These may be the biggest three search engines in terms of market share in the United States, but there are still plenty of people using others. For one thing, YouTube is number 2. Not Yahoo or Bing. If you are concerned about simply being found where people are searching, you should have a YouTube presence. That of course means having a video strategy, but that doesn't necessarily mean you have to have a huge video budget.

There are still people using Ask as well. In search industry coverage, it often gets overshadowed by the others, but there are still a lot of people using it. In fact, the Ask Network's market share grew by 6% from December to January. Ask.com's market share grew by 1%. A lot of people search with AOL. AOL's search is powered by Google, but it doesn't always return the same results as Google.
Facebook's search market share grew by 13% in that same period of time. You may not think about Facebook for search as much, but people are spending more and more time on Facebook, and it stands to reason that they'll be conducting more and more searches from Facebook. Granted, Facebook's web search feature is powered by Bing, but that's only a piece of the Facebook Search puzzle. If you don't have a Facebook strategy, you may be missing out on a lot more searches. By the way, did you know that Facebook recently passed Yahoo as the 2nd most visited site (just under Google)?

These are just a few examples. People are searching from a lot more places. Rather than just optimizing for Google, Yahoo, and Bing, perhaps you should think about all of the places where your site/business would make sense when a user searches (consider niche sites as well).

What Bing Coming to Yahoo Means

2010-03-04T23:03:00.000-08:00

It's important to note that Microsoft and Yahoo still have plenty of details to work out before anyone knows just how the product of this deal will function. We know that Bing will be used in the back-end of searches on Yahoo, but we don't know what other elements Yahoo will still be incorporating into the search experience. For example, Yahoo said last week that the companies will still be discussing how SearchMonkey and BOSS figure into the mix.

Optimizing for Yahoo is not going to be limited to showing up in Bing's results. That's not to say that showing up in Bing's results won't have its advantages for Yahoo search, but there is a lot more going on at Yahoo than that. The company has been stressing that it is still very much focused on search, and under the deal with Microsoft, Yahoo will still be controlling the user experience at Yahoo.com.
Right now, Yahoo.com has plenty of elements to consider, from news and trending topics, to a whole slew of "applications" that users can customize on their Yahoo homepage. Among these are Facebook and Flickr. If you want to get in front of Yahoo users, it's not limited to Yahoo search results. That said, Yahoo search results also have their own thing going on. Keep an eye on the box that appears under the search box after you enter a query. It contains related queries, and "related concepts". This is one area that could conceivably be independent from Bing (although that remains to be seen at this point). Yahoo is not shy about putting brands in these "related concepts" either. You can find WebProNews in there for a query like "ebusiness news".

The point is, Yahoo has made it clear that it will continue to control the user experience, and that means there should be plenty of areas within Yahoo that are out of Bing's control. This leads me to presume that Yahoo will not be something you'll want to ignore, just because Bing is integrated into it. Remember that at this point, Yahoo controls a much greater percentage of the search market than Bing.

All of that said, you may want to pay closer attention to your Bing rankings if you haven't done so in the past, because while Yahoo will still be Yahoo to its users, the deal also means there will be significantly more eyeballs on what Bing determines to be the most relevant results to searches.

Will Bing Powering Yahoo Make SEO Easier?

2010-03-04T23:02:00.000-08:00

Yahoo Will Essentially Still Be Yahoo

There is an interesting discussion going on in our WebProWorld forum about search engine optimization post Microsoft-Yahoo deal. For those unfamiliar with the topic, Microsoft and Yahoo recently gained regulatory approval on a search and advertising deal announced last year, which will see Yahoo using Bing's algorithm in its search results. The discussion is about whether or not this means businesses and webmasters will only have to worry about optimizing for 2 search engines (Google/Bing) rather than 3 (Google, Yahoo, and Bing).

Social Media and Conan O'Brien

2010-03-04T22:55:00.000-08:00

The way I see it, NBC has little chance of survival in the next ten years. They've proven themselves so caught up in the normal TV schedule way of thinking that they fail to understand their audience, what little of it is left.

Their lack of knowledge about social media, how it's formed and how it can control the conversation is part of their failure in this situation and may very well be part of their failure as an organization.

Conan O'Brien on the other hand was able to harness the internet and social media to make a stand and, in the end, become more famous than he ever was before.

I'm going to explain this slowly, for the folks at NBC, if they are reading this. Let's think of Conan O'Brien & Jay Leno as a brand, and that the internet is the next big media thing, where there will be millions and millions of Americans making decisions about their life based on what they read on the internet. When people run a search on this website called GOOGLE, they get thousands of pages of choices that they can read about the topic in which they are interested. That perhaps in the future, someday, consumers and people who watch television (aren't they the same?) will be able to type in "Conan vs Jay" and get real time results that help shape their thinking about the subject, and therefore create brand identification and/or brand alienation depending on what happens.

Now for the rest of us, who understand Search Engine Marketing, Search Engine Optimization and a bunch of other three word phrases with Affiliate, Marketing, Search and Interactive in them, here is some more high level explaining.

NBC, as a company, is still very much focused on Television being the predominant source of entertainment in the next ten years and hasn't done much thinking beyond that. Despite paying people like Jay & Conan ridiculous amounts of money, their audience base plummeted each year as more and more people turned to independent internet entertainment. So they did not consided exactly what might happen, if they started to make changes in their schedule, move Jay Leno back to his previous slot and basically kick Conan to the curb.

Jay Leno, as funny as he might have been, isn't exactly a representative of a modern, fast-paced, growing generation. He might get some people to stay up and watch the news before falling asleep during his monologue - but on the whole, no one can say he has his finger on the pulse of... well... anything.

You say, and perhaps the executives of NBC say, "we need to prop up our affiliates and their news shows, before we lose them." So what? Television as a medium is on the way out, or at least changing. I don't know anyone who actually watches the news at 11, let alone cares that Jay or Conan are right after it. The news has no relevance, since most of us have already learned about it 6 hours earlier from some blog or websites. As for humor and jokes, we've already spent most of the day on YouTube instead of doing our job, watching some kid falling down five flights of steps while eating a cheeseburger. Jay Leno isn't going to keep our attention for more than one minute, while we wonder what his chin would like in 3-D.

So, what does this have to do with marketing? First of all, Conan O'Brien has managed to come out looking cleaner than a toothbrush at a Palin family reunion. When you google results regarding his dispute with Leno, you find tons of commentary and articles supporting him, putting him out there as the champion of the people, the underdog, the teabagger of comics.

While it's more than likely he will just appear on another network, there is also a chance that he will take this momentum and create something completely unique on the internet. Anything he does on the internet will immediately be covered with millions of links, tweets and AIMs - all pointing to his new project. With the NBC money that he is walking away with, he could easily just make his own website, his own comedy channel, his own comedy network and become very wealthy on just the buzz surrounding his name.

I sincerely believe that Conan knew exactly what was going to happen, and used the internet to his advantage. Many of his writers and publicity team are very modern, having grown up on the internet. They knew that if they needed good publicity they would only have to turn to the internet in order to get the point across.

They used social media to covertly create "I'm with CoCo" groups while at the same time constantly making sure there was new "buzz" to pass around on twitter. From posts on Craigslist of Conan selling himself to the highest bidder for favors to late night tweets from the writing staff to their fan base, they knew that they could always win the war with an audience - that frankly is a lot more internet savvy than the Leno fan base.

Anyone engaged in social media marketing, needs to look closely at how Conan did this, how he made it seem to be organic and natural and then allowed it to seemingly take its own course. He knew how to create buzz, but more importantly content for internet buzz fodder. He knew that the one-liners that could be posted on Twitter were a thousand times more powerful than any ten minute monologue that could be spoken by ...urhmm... that other guy.

About The Author
In perhaps the fastest growing industry ever, one person has made a name for himself as a leader and innovator. Pace Lattin, the publisher of the top newsletters in new media and online advertising, is one of the inventors of many of the technologies and methods that have become standards in the industry. He has been called many things, including a rabble-rouser, a guru, an innovator and a watchdog -- but one thing stays the same: he is one of the most interesting leaders and commentators in the online advertising industry. Marketing Sherpa, a leading marketing research publication called him the most influential journalist in online media for a reason. IndustryPace.com

You're not likely going to go to jail for comments posted on your blog

2010-03-04T22:54:00.000-08:00

You're not likely going to go to jail for comments posted on your blog, but the point is, that by allowing people to post comments on your blog, you are allowing user-generated content, that you can't necessarily control until after it's been posted, unless you don't let them go live until approving them. Google is being held accountable for content that users uploaded, which was not in their control until after the fact. YouTube users upload 20 hours of video every minute, according to Google.

You can see why this case is much bigger than just the specific instance it involves. The case is subject to appeal, but if it is not overturned, what will this mean for the web? Tell us what you think.

"The video was totally reprehensible and we took it down within hours of being notified by the Italian police," says Sucherman.

"To be clear, none of the four Googlers charged had anything to do with this video," he says. "They did not appear in it, film it, upload it or review it. None of them know the people involved or were even aware of the video's existence until after it was removed."

He goes on to talk about how the case "attacks the very principles of freedom on which the Internet is built," also mentioning that European Union law dictates that hosting providers have a safe harbor from liability as long as they remove illegal content once they are notified of its existence. "If that principle is swept aside and sites like Blogger, YouTube and indeed every social network and any community bulletin board, are held responsible for vetting every single piece of content that is uploaded to them — every piece of text, every photo, every file, every video — then the Web as we know it will cease to exist, and many of the economic, social, political and technological benefits it brings could disappear," Sucherman says.

If rulings such as the one against these Google execs were to become commonplace, how much do you think that would affect the social media industry? Companies like Google, Facebook, MySpace, etc. couldn't let users upload content, which essentially means social media couldn't exist. User-generated content couldn't exist. How could you blog? How could you leave a status update on Facebook, or upload a family photo to Picasa? There is always the possibility that some user could make a death threat or upload a murder video, so if the companies behind the services that were used to commit these crimes were held accountable, how could their businesses continue?

That's why Google is not only upset about the ruling against its executives, but calls it a "serious threat to the web."

Google Case in Italy Has Serious Implications for the Web

2010-03-04T22:52:00.000-08:00

A judge in Milan, Italy has convicted three Google executives over a video uploaded to YouTube in a case, which could have serious implications for social media and ultimately, the web in general, at least in Italy. The video, uploaded back in 2006, featured a group of school kids bullying an autistic child. Google says it worked with Italian authorities to help ID the person responsible for uploading it, and the uploader and other participants from the video were sentenced to community service.

Now, in 2010, Google executives David Drummond, Peter Fleischer and George Reyes (3 out of 4 defendants) have been convicted for "failure to comply with the Italian privacy code." They were all found not guilty of criminal defamation.

"In essence this ruling means that employees of hosting platforms like Google Video are criminally responsible for content that users upload," writes Matt Sucherman, VP and Deputy General Counsel - Europe, Middle East and Africa on the Google Blog. "We will appeal this astonishing decision because the Google employees on trial had nothing to do with the video in question."

This is a case of a business being held accountable for user-generated content. Isn't the entire web generated by users? What if Google's search engine (algorithmically) indexed something illegal. Should company execs be penalized, even if they comply with authorities' requests for removal of such content? Ask yourself these questions:

- What if YouTube, Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, etc. had to shut down because it couldn't control the things users post?

- What if every blogging platform had to do the same?

- What if you went to jail for comments posted on your blog?

Facebook Testing Status Update Ads?

2010-03-04T22:12:00.000-08:00

Facebook appears to either be rolling out or testing a feature that lets Facebook Page owners promote specific posts. When you make an update, a link that says, "Promote" can be found by the links for "Comment" and "Like".

Once you click that Promote link, it brings up a dialogue box, which asks you to create an ad, with targeting descriptions, the ad duration, and the maximum price of "Up to $50.00 USD".

Editor's note: Feel free to become our fan on Facebook, by the way.

You can click on "Edit Ad" to go to the standard Facebook Advertising Page, or you can click "Create Ad" to go to this page:

Interestingly enough, this comes after talk last week about how you have to have promotions approved by a Facebook account representative, which would reportedly cost you about $10k. This would appear to eliminate that notion.

The feature appears to only be available for some admins of some pages. We're not sure if they're rolling out the feature or just testing it. I've contacted Facebook to learn more about the feature, and I'll update when I receive a response. Any other Facebook Page admins getting this feature? Let us know.

Ten Top Tips for Video Marketing Your Online Business

2010-03-04T21:55:00.000-08:00

- Grab the SiteProNews RSS Feed

Video: Web Design Blog - HTML 5 Tag Changes

Nearly all internet marketing professionals use video as one of the core methods for marketing their business. These ten tips aim to help you get started creating short, attractive, effective videos based on solid keywords that convert and that stand the test of time.

Video grabs people's attention far more quickly and effectively than text, audio or photographs. Making a short video can capture a thousand words and pictures and helps to get across your personal brand and lifestyle.

It's important to stand out in the crowd on video channels and search engines. Aim your headlines at capturing the imagination regarding your topic. So don't be dull - test out curiosity, shock or fun tactics for getting those download clícks.

First of all, get set up.

When you're starting out, it's ok to just use your webcam. It will give you the chance to practice while you're honing your presentation skills before you fork out for a camcorder. When you're ready, you can purchase an inexpensive digital video recorder, like say the Flip and a tripod.

Make sure you take your videos in well-lit conditions. Inside your office you'll need decent lighting, or you can whip out your camera when you're out and about. It makes for a much more interesting back drop.

OK. So now let's go through each of my TOP 10 TIPS for creating and using videos to market your business.

#1: Keep Your Videos Short

Whether you're loading videos on YouTube or just putting them up on your website or blog, it's really important to keep to just 5 or 6 minutes.

If needed, you can of course break longer topics up into a series of smaller videos, which you could market as a series (see tip 10).

#2: Post Videos on Your Sales PagesM

You can use video on your sales page to introduce the main benefits of your product or business opportuníty. How about placing a video on your sales page or sign up pages.

This helps to orientate visitors and to highlight the main points of your regular, written sales letter.

#3: Choose Your Keywords Carefully

This is really an important tip, because it will affect how your video gets picked up by the search engines and other internet 'bots' that seek out content.

Research your top keyword phrases. Pick keywords that will attract the right kind of traffic and leads - research like crazy to find out what your prospects are looking for - and be sure to include your keywords in headings and tags and description boxes.

Doing this research and tracking clíck thrus (CTR) and conversions will help you secure your most cost-effective keywords and keyword phrases.

#4: Have a Clear Purpose & Structure

Your keywords will help make sure you target your video on the right purpose before you start. Does your video answer the questions your visitors have in their heads when they're searching for solutions. Make things crystal clear.

Stay on topic and give added value - unique value if possible - and your videos will convert much better for you. Write down a structure - a set of headings - for what you're going to cover. Have a script if necessary.

You can mention any links that you have to another video specifically on that related topic.

#5: Look at the Camera

The aim here is to connect with your audience, both in the topic you choose and the content as well as in your communication style. Remember you are talking to people - real live people. What are their needs and wants, hopes and fears.

With regards to presentation, stick your líst of headings right next to the camera so you stay looking in the camera at all times, rather than looking away at a screen or down at your notes.

An authentic and honest video is far more valuable than a glossy TV like broadcast. So don't worry if you're not up to TV presenter standards. Just be yourself and enjoy the opportuníty to reach out to people in a different way than using text copy.

#6: Create a Clear Call to Action

You should create one very clear service and call to action. It's very important that people know exactly what to do as a result of watching your video.

What is your most wanted response (MWR)? Don't confuse visitors with lots of options and different offers. Focus on the single most wanted response.

Alternatively, you can put your video up next to a sign up box - linked to your emaíl marketing - and clearly ask them to opt ín, more than once. Provide an incentive, such as a free report or further video coaching resources.

#7: Encourage Comments on Your Video

One of the best things about video is that it's a very personal, social medium. The more people that are talking about your video and passing it on, the more buzz you'll create.

Visitors may return to your page to see who has commented since their last comment. There may accumulate a whole líst of tips that have been created by your niche community, prompted by your initial video post.

Read the rest of Jay's article at SiteProNews.com
"Ten Top Tips for Video Marketing Your Online Business"

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Microsoft Office 2010 Released Date Announced

2010-02-22T22:43:00.000-08:00

Microsoft confirmed that their 2010 version of its Office productivity suite will be released in June of next year, with the beta version now available for download. This comes as the Office faces new competition from cloud-based productivity programs like Google Apps, most of which are free.

Among the improvements seen on the Microsoft Office 2010 includes sidebar enhancements on Word 2010 like the Navigation Pane, which replaces the Document Map feature on Word 2007, as well as a contextual spell-check that also verifies how each word is used in the sentence. For instance, phrases like "I am excited to sea you" would be corrected. Meanwhile, the PivotTable and PivotChart functions on Excel 2010 are fine-tuned and database organizer Access 2010 includes alerts in case of blocked active content.

Its trial version will no longer be a pain, unlike last time when users could only read files once past the trial period. The advertising-supported Office 2010 Starter, which will come preinstalled on PCs produced by most manufacturers, features streamlined versions of Word and Excel where documents can be created, viewed, and saved. Those who wish to upgrade a full version of Office 2010 will only need to purchase a single-use license code printed on a plastic card sold on retailers.

Meanwhile, users who prefer free, browser-oriented productivity tools will enjoy the Office Web, which will include streamlined versions of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote. These tools will be available through Microsoft's Windows Live portal and launch directly within a user's browser.

Image source: Microsoft

Microsoft Arc Keyboard: All the Style without the Extras

2010-02-22T22:39:00.000-08:00

Microsoft unveils its new Arc Keyboard without much fanfare, especially during its keynote speech at the CES 2010. Nevertheless, this new peripheral is undeniably stylish with its arch-like body that is ergonomic enough without looking freakish (like being split into two).

It does what your usual keyboard can do, but since it is wireless it comes with its own 2.4GHz Nano Transceiver that you can either plug to the PC or store underneath the keyboard body and still works like a charm. Unlike other keyboards, it is light on extra features with a few extra function keys and the absence of a number pad.

The Microsoft Arc Keyboard will be available exclusively on Best Buy beginning February 21, 2010, for US$59.95 with a three-year limited warranty.

Image source: Microsoft

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2010-02-22T22:31:00.000-08:00

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Altec Lansing BXR1221 2.1 Speaker System

2010-02-22T22:22:00.000-08:00

A lot of people nowadays look for better audio systems for their PC's and laptops. It no longer just depends on portability and convenience but the level of sound quality now counts a lot. Even speaker systems for computers now can compete with most systems used in home entertainment.

With this in mind, the Altec Lansing BXR1221 2.1 speaker system just fits the bill quite right. It is not just simply an ordinary speaker system for desktops or laptops. It is a compact three-piece speaker system that has its own separate subwoofer to give more sound impact and depth. Audio Alignment technology allows better audio balance and accuracy. It is compact enough to use for laptops as well. The Altec Lansing BXR1221 multimedia speaker system is available at Amazon for US$30.

Image Source: Amazon

SmartShopper SS301Grocery List Organizer

2010-02-22T22:17:00.000-08:00

The SmartShopper SS301 Grocery List Organizer can easily become your reliable partner the next time you do your shopping. If ordinary grocery lists on paper does not just do its work for you quite effectively, then you might need some added help using modern technology. Why not use an electronic grocery list organizer that will help you not only remember what you need to buy the next time you go to the supermarket, you can "tell" it what to list out.

The SmartShopper SS301 features a voice recognition feature that allows you to record the name of an item you wish to add to your grocery list. The SmartShopper Grocery List Organizer contains over 2,500 common grocery items in its library that it can recognize and make part of your grocery list. It can even categorize and print out your list and even remind you of items that you may have coupons for. The SmartShopper SS301 Grocery List Organizer is available at SmartShopper for US$150.

Image Source: SmartShopper

Comploo: Outdoor Heating Made from Compost

2010-02-22T22:02:00.001-08:00

Japanese design firm Bakoko introduces a new way to get ourselves warm and cozy at the outdoors in an environmentally-efficient manner. The Comploo is a portmanteau of “compost” and “igloo,” which kinda give you an idea how it works.

This outdoor structure uses a heat dispersal method based on storing biodegradable wastes within its walls, keeping its internal temperature up to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. The compost that would be created out of the Comploo is then extracted and used as fertilizer.

There is, however, something icky about the Comploo. How can it be assured the warm air coming from the compost and out to the interior would not smell like trash? A prototype will be developed soon.

Source: Bakoko , via CrunchGear

SanDisk 64GB Ultra SDXC

2010-02-22T21:58:00.000-08:00

SanDisk introduces its newest addition to its very popular memory card line. The SanDisk Ultra SDXC has a memory capacity of 64GB, the highest in the market. It also features a 15MB/ second read speed, a Class 4 speed rating, and an exFAT file structure, making this memory card ideal for storing 1080p HD-quality video files without any glitches and transfer them to a PC quickly.

With its 64GB capacity, this memory card can store up to eight hours of high-definition videos. Because SDXC cards are based on the latest SD 3.0 specification, it only works on a handful of SDXC-compatible devices, but expect more to be developed in the future.

The SanDisk Ultra SDXC memory card is now available for a hefty US$349.99 .

Source: Engadget

Play MP3 Player Concept Combines Music and Origami

2010-02-22T21:56:00.000-08:00

If you think that rotating wheel thing on your iPod is the coolest thing ever, wait ‘till you check out what the creative minds over at Yanko are up to. The Play MP3 player is designed to work like an origami. Users simple fold the mp3 player into a triangle to play your favorite tune; make a square to stop the music; while slide the triangles and overlap them to rewind or fast forward.

Sure, the learning curve may be higher than the usual MP3 listening, but you cannot deny that it is a cool design concept. If only big-time companies are listening.

Source: Yanko Design , via Engadget

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2010-02-22T21:52:00.000-08:00

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T-Mobile Pulse Mini Now Available in Europe

2010-02-22T21:46:00.000-08:00

T-Mobile in United Kingdom and Germany will have the first taste of the new T-Mobile Pulse Mini. Developed by China’s Huawei, this Android-based phone is a smaller version of the T-Mobile Pulse.

The T-Mobile Pulse Mini runs on Android 2.1, a Qualcomm MSM7225 processor, a 2.8-inch QVGA display, a 3.2-megapixel camera with flash, 300MB expandable internal memory, Bluetooth, WiFi, and Euro HSDPA connectivity along with the standard GSM/ GPRS/ EDGE.

Expect this phone to become available in April. It costs £99.99 (about US$155) contract-free in the UK, while no pricing yet in other European countries.

Source: the::unwired , via Engadget

DigitalRise X9 Tablet

2010-02-22T21:45:00.001-08:00

If you cannot wait to have your own tablet computer with multitouch screen like the iPad , there is already such a product available. It’s not from Apple , of course.

The DigitalRise X9 features a 10.2-inch multitouch display with 1024 x 600 resolution, an Atom 270 processor, Windows 7, 3G connectivity, Bluetooth, WiFi, GPS, three USB slots, a SIM slot, and an integrated 1.3-megapixel webcam. It can also play an assortment of file formats, including MP4 and MP5. The screen is resistant to dust, scratches, and even fire.

This tablet PC is now available at US$799.99 , but hey, at least you saved $1,199.99.

Source: PMP Today

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2010-02-22T21:42:00.000-08:00

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Canon EOS 7D, Rumors It's Finally So Real

2010-02-22T21:32:00.000-08:00

KapanLagi.com - After the rumors for about five years, Canon EOS 7D finally appears also although it is not entirely the camera just like many previous media reported. At least Canon EOS 7D DSLR camera is not full frame as reported. So what Canon has to offer its product through this time?

What is clear is physically Canon EOS 7D is not much different from other DSLR camera Canon output. The design looks sturdy body and is possibly because the camera body is made of stainless steel and polycarbonate. Grip on the front to make sure your fingers have a strong enough grip to hold the camera weighs 900 grams which achieve this while at the rear is spacious enough space to bertumpunya thumb.

Obvious advantages when you first saw the specifications of this camera is its ability to take several pictures in a short time. In burst mode, the camera is claimed to be able to take eight pictures in one second. Another feature is also quite interesting is the inclusion of which would flash sticking out from the top when the camera is turned on.

Canon EOS 7D uses a sensor measuring 22.3 x 14.9 mm with a 18-megapixel capability.

Although the sensor is used rather than a 35mm sensor, but at least the shooting is still big enough if you intend to do later on cropping to get a better angle. This camera shots measuring 5.184 x 3456 pixels and save space requires approximately 18MB for each drawing. Shots can be saved on CompactFlash memory card through the slot format that has been provided.

Two more are also interesting features infra-red sensors mounted on the front of the camera that allows owners of the camera using the remote control and viewfinder assembly has coverage up to 100%. Although sounds simple, these two features are identical with DSLR camera from the automatic class has a higher selling price of this Canon EOS 7D.

Problem shots, Canon EOS 7D also did not disappoint. Good Gear Guide gives a plus to the color shots are quite experienced in the areas of performance while minimizing exposure also did not disappoint. Even if there are complained of by this site is probably its autofocus feature that is sometimes not accurate. Trusted Reviews did not even hesitate to give the value of ten and only a few complain about the price that was not too good.

It was to redeem this camera takes pretty significant costs. The official site put the number of U.S. $ 1700 or approximately equivalent to Rp16 million in sale price. (Editing / rock)

SPECIFICATIONS
Sensor Sensor	: :	22.3x14.9mm CMOS (18-megapixel) 22.3x14.9mm CMOS (18-megapixel)
Lens Lens	: :	EF and L-series lens mount EF and L-series lens mount
Zoom Zoom	: :	N/A N / A
Viewfinder Viewfinder	: :	100% coverage 100% coverage
LCD Monitor LCD Monitor	: :	3 inches fixed, 920,000 dots Fixed 3 inches, 920,000 dots
Maximum Aperture Maximum Aperture	: :	- --
Shutter Speed Shutter Speed	: :	30-1/8000 30-1/8000
White Balance White Balance	: :	- --
Flash Flash	: :	Built-in flash Built-in flash
Shooting Modes Shooting Modes	: :	Aperture priority, Auto, Burst mode, Program mode, Shutter priority Aperture priority, Auto, Burst mode, Program mode, Shutter priority
Photo Effects Photo Effects	: :	- --
Storage Media Storage Media	: :	CompactFlash CompactFlash
File Format File Format	: :	JPEG, RAW JPEG, RAW
Interfaces Interfaces	: :	HDMI, USB 2.0 HDMI, USB 2.0
Dimension Dimension	: :	5.8" x 4.3" x 2.9" 5.8 "x 4.3" x 2.9 "
Official Site Official Site	: :	www.canon.co.id www.canon.co.id

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Lenovo ThinkPad W701ds Pairs Beastly Specs With an Integrated Secondary Screen

2010-02-22T21:24:00.000-08:00

Lenovo's workstation laptop has gotten an overdue upgrade in the form of the W701ds, and now its guts are every bit as over the top as its integrated secondary display. Seriously: this thing is a hoss.

To start, you've got up to Intel's Core i7-920 Extreme processor, a 17-inch WUXGA (1920×1200) primary display, and Nvidia Quadro FX 3800M graphics. The W701ds can ship with up to 16GB DDR3 memory, 500GB HD storage, and all models have WiMAX support, one USB 3.0 and four USB 2.0 ports, and a 2-megapixel camera.

But really, the star of the show is that secondary display, which allows you to keep your mail your chat windows separate from your primary focus. It's a 10.6-inch, WXGA (1280x800) screen that that's stored in the laptop but pops out when needed for work or a fun party trick. Although with a weight over 9 pounds, it's unlikely that you're going to want to drag this monster to many parties. The W701ds will be available in March starting at $3800.

If you want to forgo the extra screen (because you are a crazy person?) and some power and storage, you might want to take a look at the base model of the W701. It compares favorably to the Dell M6500, while its $2200 base price compares favorably to the Dell's $2750. [Lenovo]

HTC Touch2, So More Masculine

2010-02-22T21:13:00.000-08:00

KapanLagi.com - There are two things that make this Touch2 HTC looks 'different' than most smartphones currently available. In addition to size relatively small, matte finish that is used here also makes this smart phone was not easily visible so dirty as in most smartphones that use the finishing gloss. It is this loss makes HTC finishing Touch2 be seen 'less elegant'.

Unlike the first generation Touch, which looks more masculine design because using a sharper angle than earlier generations. Unfortunately the screen is installed here still measuring 2.8 inches and began to feel too small, as most smartphones are now switching to 3-inch size. The resolution was only able to display 240 x 320 pixels and therefore not recommended as a means of video player.

As always, HTC is still using the Windows Mobile operating system for this product. This time it is installed is version 6.5 Professional. Interface is installed also still pride HTC TouchFLO. Several sites commented that the combination of Windows Mobile 6.5 Professional with TouchFLO this time produces navigation experience very enjoyable. Trusted Reviews even very impressed with the speed of smart phones work on this one.

Touch2 HTC is working on quad-band GSM networks and 3G networks already support HSDPA

At the back there are size 3.2-megapixel camera without flash support. Even the autofocus feature was not installed on this camera and predictable as the results would not be very satisfactory. Strangely, though already supports 3G networks, there is no secondary camera on the front, which means you can not use this smart phone to make video calls.

As a means of input, relying almost entirely HTC touch screen except for a few important keys that were created for his physical form. There is no keyboard or keypad, and the only way to enter information via keyboard is displayed on the screen. There are two possibilities, a full QWERTY keyboard and compact QWERTY buttons each containing two characters. Unfortunately there is no accelerometer, so the keyboard can not adjust to the position of the phone when operated.

While calling this smartphone work very fast but Trusted Reviews also comment on the resistive touch screen was a bit flexible so easily scratched. UK Mobile Phone Reviews not say much and just said if it feels good smartphone handheld. Wired, on the other side even more agree on the opinion of the Trusted Reviews HTC about this product. Interested? This product reportedly sold for around U.S. $ 420 or equivalent Rp4 millions. (Editing / rock)

SPECIFICATIONS
Network Network	: :	GSM 850/ 900/ 1800/ 1900, HSDPA 2100 GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900, HSDPA 2100
Data Data	: :	GPRS, EDGE, HSCSD, 3G HSDPA GPRS, EDGE, HSCSD, 3G HSDPA
Operating System Operating System	: :	Windows Mobile 6.5 Professional Windows Mobile 6.5 Professional
Screen Screen	: :	2.8-inch TFT-LCD touch-sensitive screen with QVGA resolution 2.8-inch TFT-LCD touch-sensitive screen with QVGA resolution
Camera Camera	: :	3.2 megapixel 3.2 megapixels
Multimedia Multimedia	: :	AAC, AAC+, eAAC+, AMR-NB, QCP, MP3, WMA, WAV, MIDI, M4A, WMV, ASF, MP4, 3GP, 3G2, M4V, AVI player AAC, AAC +, eAAC +, AMR-NB, QCP, MP3, WMA, WAV, MIDI, M4A, WMV, ASF, MP4, 3GP, 3G2, M4V, AVI player
Memory Memory	: :	512 MB ROM, 256 MB RAM 512 MB ROM, 256 MB RAM
Connectivity Connectivity	: :	Bluetooth, Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11 b/g, USB Bluetooth, Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11 b / g, USB
Dimension Dimension	: :	104 x 55 x 12.9 mm 104 x 55 x 12.9 mm
Other Features Other Features	: :	GPS, microSD memory card slot GPS, microSD memory card slot
Official Site Official Site	: :	www.htc.com www.htc.com

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MSI X600 X-Slim, Not Only Just Slim

2010-02-22T20:46:00.000-08:00

KapanLagi.com - MSI MSI include X-Slim is in category X600 slim notebook series and may not be excessive because the X-Slim X600 is quite thin it seems to matter even thinner still better at Apple. Although not the best in a thin notebook class but at least MSI's second attempt to try out this area quite interesting and deserves a thumbs-up.

Compared to the X340 that was launched first, this X600 is better, at least from the specs. Implanted in the kitchen, installing MSI Intel Core 2 Duo SU9600 1.6GHz with 3MB of L2 cache. Processor performance is aided by the installation of 4GB RAM and certainly not going to make Windows Vista Home Premium installed as the operating system running out of resources while working.

MSI provides three options for hard disk capacity, 250GB, 320GB, or 500GB, so you can choose your own capacity according to your needs. X600 X-Slim is also equipped with Wireless-N Wi-Fi, Gigabit Ethernet and Bluetooth optical drive though unfortunately it seems to get out because of considerations thick notebooks. So if you really need this feature then inevitably you have to look for an external DVD writer.

Apart from the thin dimensions and specifications are quite capable, design X600

X-Slim is actually sort of conservative. Not much decoration on this notebook and that means X-Slim X600 can be said to be 'safe' for most people. But the most inte

resting fact is the fact that the notebook is able to accommodate quite a lot of connectivity, although its dimensions is hardly thick. There are at least three USB ports (one port doubles as an eSATA port), HDMI, VGA, Ethernet, card reader and of course audio connector.

Trusted Reviews who had this product tested commented that the physical quality of X-Slim X600 is much better than the X340 which was released first. Problem screen, this site is considered X600 though qualified black intensity and viewing angle was not too satisfactory. Audio sector is also called the weaknesses of this product because the voice sounded very small.

About performance, Trusted Reviews is tested using PCMark Vantage X600 mention this as a fairly competent notebook for home users while the X600 battery life is also quite satisfactory. LaptopMag seems also agreed on the opinion of this Trusted Reviews and adding less ergonomic keyboard as the lack of this X600. Interested, you can have with a fee of U.S. $ 800 or roughly equivalent to Rp7, 5 millions. (Editing / rock)

SPECIFICATIONS
Processors : Intel ® Core ™ 2 Duo
Memory : 4GB DDR2
Chipset : Intel ® GS45 + ICH9M-SFF
VGA : ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4330
Screen : 15.6 "LCD Display
Hard Disk : 250GB/320GB/500GB SATA
Optical Drive : N / A
Port : D-Sub, USB 2.0, Mic-in, Headphone, HDMI, LAN, E-SATA
Webcams : 1.3 megapixel
Wireless : 802.11b/g/n WLAN Card, Bluetooth
Dimension : 39.2 x 25.5 x 2.5cm
Release Date : October 2009
Official Site : http://asia.msi.com

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22 Function Of Garlic

2010-02-17T08:58:00.000-08:00

1. Inhibit deterioration of the brain and the immune system

2. Helps delay the aging process. Inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

3. By consuming garlic, cancer risk can be reduced.

4. Garlic regularly consumed within a certain period can help lower cholesterol.

5. Anti-cholesterol substances in garlic called ajoene help prevent blood clotting.

6. Garlic can help relieve stress, anxiety, and depression.

7. With a softer effect. Garlic contains vitamin A.

8. Garlic contains vitamins B

9. Garlic contains vitamin C.

10. Garlic contains calcium.

11. Garlic contains potassium

12. Garlic contains antioxidants. Garlic contains carotene and selenium

13. Eating 2-3 cloves of garlic a day, will avoid the possibility of heart disease.

14. Cure high blood pressure

15. Relieve ulcer

16. Lowering cholesterol in the blood

17. Increasing blood insulin for diabetics.

18. Disabling free radicals that disrupt the immune system

19. Useful as an antidote to poison (detoxifier) which protect the body from various diseases.

20. Helping add your appetite when eaten raw

21. Maintaining stamina

22. Contains antimicrobial efficacy, antitrombotik, hipolipidemik, antiarthritis, hypoglycemic, and also has antivitas as antitumor.

Benefits Curcuma

2010-02-17T08:51:00.001-08:00

Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) is an annual plant life and trunked merumpun a combination of artificial leaves integrated base. Each stem has 2-9 leaves, the flowers short and wide size, white or dark yellow and purple flowers base
This plant can bloom continuously throughout the year turns out from rimpangnya. Rhizome parent can have fruit rhizome 3-4. Rhizome color reddish brown or dark yellow, while the color of dark orange flesh rhizome or yellow. Ginger rhizome formed in the soil at a depth of about 16 cm. Each family generally has 6 fruit old rhizome and rhizome 5 young fruit.

Curcuma efficacious to prevent and overcome a variety of diseases. Various properties of ginger, among others, liver disorders, preventing hepatitis, increase the production of bile, aids digestion, overcoming inflammation of the gall bladder, stomach ulcers and kidney disorders.
Also, ginger can also lower high cholesterol, anemia / anemia, blood circulation, blood clots, malaria, fever, measles, aching rheumatic pain, arthritis, back pain, peluruh menstruation, vaginal discharge, constipation, hemorrhoid, increase appetite, cough, asthma, sore throat, respiratory inflammation, dermatitis, eczema, acne, increased stamina, gallbladder inflammation and gallstones.

1. For liver disorders, use 25 grams of ginger and shaved 30 g leaves / mirten boiled with 600 cc of water until the remaining 300 cc, strain and drink while warm water.

2. In rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, aching rheumatic pain, take the following 25 gr 20 gr ginger red ginger boiled in water to 400 cc 200 cc left, strain and drink water.

3. To peluruh menstruation, use 25 grams of ginger blended with enough water, strain and add honey to taste and drink.

4. When the pain of gallbladder inflammation, use 30 grams ginger sliced and boiled with 500 cc of water until the remaining 200 cc, filter and drink water.

5. To cope with gallstones, use 25 grams of ginger, 30 grams Meniran and palm sugar to taste boiled with 500 cc of water until the remaining 200 cc, filter and drink water.

6. Lowering high cholesterol levels, use 20 grams of dried ground ginger and finely brewed with hot water to taste and drink warm.

7. Inflammation of the stomach problems, using 30 g of ginger diced and then boiled with 500 cc of water until the remaining 200 cc, filter and drink water.

8. Treat coughs and respiratory tract inflammation, use 25 gr grated ginger, add boiled water to taste, strain and add honey to taste and juice of 1 orange juice, then drink.

9. To increase your appetite, take 25 grams of ginger, 10 g acid Java red sugar to taste and boil with 600 cc of water until the remaining 300 cc, strain and drink.

Perform this recipe twice a day on a regular basis. Meanwhile, for severe illness / serious advised to keep a doctor.

By: Prof. HM Hembing Wijayakusuma

Source: Suara Karya

PLANT BINAHONG

2010-02-17T08:33:00.000-08:00

LATIN NAME: ANREDEMA cordifolia (TENORE) Steenis

NAME China: Deng Sanchi / dhu SAN CHI / CHI Thien Hung "Deng Sanchi PLANT MATERIAL IS MAIN DRUG SINAHONG Thien TSIHUNG"

medicinal plants - binahong

Main Benefits:

• Healing the wounds within and outside

• New operations

• Thipus

• Inflammation of the intestines

• Ulcer

• Ambein

• Pembekakkan and blood clots

• Restoring a weak condition after illness

• Rheumatism, bruises and sprains beaten

• Prevent stokes

Usage In:

• Rhisoma (tubers) washed and then boiled, strained and drunk straight (three cups / day) for healing:

• New operations

• Ulcer

• Thipus

• dysentery

• Freshness physical (plus eggs and honey)

• Preventing a stroke

• Uric acid, back pain (plus eggs and honey)

• Rhisoma (tuber) dried, input into the 0.5 ml capsule

Use of Outer:

Leaves and stems finely crushed (sleep) and then applied to the affected part for healing:

• Bruising (beaten)

• Taxable fire (heat)

• Rheumatism

• Pegal earthquake

• muscle pain

• leather Menghaluskan

PLANT BINAHONG

1. Seed

Boiled with water with an odd number (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) for healing:

• heart Pembekakkan

• Pembekakkan liver

• Diabetes

• Kidney damage

• Inflammation of the large intestine

2. Leaf

- Dipipis with laos to cure rheumatism

- Dipipis with pepet key, then simmering for Anal cleansing, combating vaginal discharge

3. Flowers

To overcome the weakness of men

• sap Giambil, dioles on penis

FAMILY DRUG PLANTS:

MAGIC LEAF FORM KHASIAT (BINAHONG)

Some leaves are chewed until smooth or cooked with a glass of water and drink along with the dregs or more easily juiced or blended. This magical leaf has the following benefits:

* Serious Disease Categories

• Coughing / vomiting blood: 10 leaves taken every day until cured

• The lungs are holes: 10 pieces per day

• Diabetes: 11 pieces per day

• Shortness of breath (asthma): 7 pieces each day

• Acute chronic ulcers: 12 pieces per day

• Broken bones: 10-20 pieces per day

• Blood Low: 8 sheets per day

• Inflammation of the kidney: 7 pages each day

• All kinds of itching or skin eczema: 9 pieces per day

• mild concussion and weight: 10-15 pieces per day

For severe disease categories such healing takes up to 6 months, tried to be patient taking this medicine every day.

*
Lightweight Disease Categories

• Dysentery or defecate: This leaves 10 to be drunk every day until cured

• Ambein to bleed: 16 pieces per day

• Nose bleeding (bleeding): 4 pieces per day

• Out of surgical operations: 20 pieces per day

• The burn: 10 pieces per day

• Injury due to accident / sharp objects: 10 pieces per day

• Acne: 8 sheets per day

• swollen Intestine: 3 pieces each day

• bleeding gums: 4 pieces per day

• Lack of appetite: 5 pieces per day

• Smooth periods: 3 pieces per day (taken during the menstrual period)

• Maintaining stamina to stay healthy: 1 sheet each day

• heated body: 5 pieces per day

• Weak lust: 3 pieces per day or 10 sheets of each drink with honey dicampus

For the category of minor illness treatment needed only a few days / weeks. For children just give half the adult dose.

from : http://www.alternatifsehat.com/artikel-3.php

How Do Computer Maintenance

2010-02-17T07:53:00.000-08:00

A computer peripheral support equipment from a PC.
A PC consists of several components, where each
component has its own function to be interrelated.
Although the components of a PC located in a computer case, but
still a lot of dirt that can interfere with the functionality
both components of the dust and insect nests. To
clean dirt can be used equipment and materials
as simple as:
• Vacuum dust mini
• dry cloth or tissue
• Liquid cleaning / cleaner
• Disk cleaner
• Cd Cleanet

As for equipment to be provided:
• Screwdriver
• Tang
• Brush

Material or equipment to clean the PC components

A Vacuum Cleaner Mini

Mini vacuum cleaner is similar to that used for brush
remove dust. However, the vacuum more easily and more
clear. At the end of a mini vacuum cleaner equipped with a brush
with a variety of sizes designed to fit wide
the narrowness of the corners of the component. It is very appropriate
used to clean circuit in the mainboard and the sudutsudut
computer case.

B Fabrics Dry Or Cleaning Tissues and Fluids

Dry cloth or paper towels used to clean up liquid
which may result softdrink, ink or rain water is still fresh
or not dried yet. Liquid feces is very dangerous if not
cleaned immediately because this type of dirt can conduct

so can cause a short circuit or fatal damage
PC's components. While cleaning fluids used for
cleaning stains or dirt that has dried up as
spark of printer ink.

C. Brush

Paintbrushes are equipment used to clean the dust
or nest of insects. Also the brush is also used to
clean the dust that covers the fentilasi casing. Paintbrushes
can also digunkan to clean the motherboard and the fin
heatsink on the processor.

D. Disk Cleaner

Disk cleaner used to clean the head of the diskdrive
influence of dust or dirt on the floppy drive head.
Disk cleaner consists of floopydisk cleaning fluid and a
piringannya replaced with tissue paper.

E. CD Cleaner

CD cleaner works the same principles with the disk cleaner is a
rubbing the dusty or dirty with cleaning fluid
utilizing round. Different cd cleaner disk cleaner with
only lies in the shape of the cd cleaner use
small brush or fins mounted on the disk.

F. Screwdriver

Obeng is an important equipment for the computer technician,
because with this tool technicians are able to open and release
component in the PC.

G. Tang

Types of pliers for the purpose of doing maintenance technicians
PC component is about shark and combination pliers. Tang shark
widely used to hold the head of the screw or jumper that
small. Whereas for the combination pliers used to cut
cable and other purposes.

C. Summary 1

Although the components of the PC located in a computer case
but still a lot of dirt that can interfere with the functionality
both components of the dust and insect nests. To
clean dirt can be used equipment and materials
as simple as:

1) Vacuum cleaner mini
2) a dry cloth or tissue
3) The liquid cleanser / cleaner
4) Disk Cleaner
5) CD Cleaner
As for equipment to be provided:
1) Screwdriver
2) Tang
3) Brush

2. Cleaning procedures in the Peripheral Component

To perform the cleaning component in the PC must be through the way
or a particular procedure. Between one component with the component
different that the other has its own rules of order or
cleaning methods. Here are some PC components
need to be treated.

a) Casing

Casing can be likened to the building or home, from a
computer, so the power and beauty of a computer is
physically located on the PC casing. In case there is usually a PC power
supply, fan and led indicators and switches or power buttons
and reset. Problems that often occur in the computer case
is the dust that is carried by the fan computer case itself or
nidus. Dung in addition to disrupt the beauty as well
can impact badly on the fan and other components in
motherboard. So the cleaning should be done routinely. Tools
used to clean a computer case with enough
brush or with a mini vacuum cleaner. To the corner, especially
the front of the wiring should be noted that due to easy go
beat, especially on the cable to the switch. In
the rear that need to be cleaned is on the ventilation
or the fan. Because this is where all the dust collected from
gusts of wind brought by the fan.

B) Floppy Drive

Floppy drive or disk drive is the computer component
used to drive or floppy disks as the medium
data storage.
Disk drives are easily exposed to dust or dirt carried by
disks that can disturb the functionality of disk drives. Gejalagejala
arising out of the disk is dirty floppy drive can not be
readable and sometimes errors. How to clean the disk drive
enough with the disk cleaner.

Cleaning steps are as follows:
• Operate computer systems.
• Insert the disk cleaner which has been given to the drive cleaner
A.
• Select drive A: \ so that the computer will read the drive A. Because
floppy disk is replaced with tissue paper that was given fluids
cleaning the head will be touched by these tissues so
will clean the heads from dirt dust or dirt
other.

C) CD-Rom and CD-RW

CD-Rom or CD-RW is a common tool used today
to read and write data to a CD. CD-Rom and CD-RW
is a very cheap component compared with the data
which can be kept. Problems that often interfere with the CDRom
and CD-RW is in the optical or lens. Step
used to clean the optics or lens from dust or
Other waste is to use a CD cleaner. Working principle
from a CD cleaner disk cleaner similar, only the shape are
different.

Cleaning steps are as follows:
• Operate computer systems
• Insert the CD cleaner,
CD cleaner will turn and brush or fins attached to the
disk or optical disk or to brush the lens on the CD-Rom
or CD-RW.

D) Hard Disk

Hard disk is an important component in a
computer, because the operating system and all its programs datadata
stored in the hard disk. Hard disks are the goods
easily damaged. To perform maintenance performed by the hardware
and software.
For treatment of the hard disk from the hardware side, need to be added
a fan to reduce heat on the hard disk. Fan is very
recommended for hard disk with 7200 rpm speed
above. Also note that the data cable settings circulation
Air can run smoothly.

For the treatment of the software, simply with tools that have been
available when installing the operating system. Tools include
ScanDisk and Disk Defragmenter. In addition to these tools there are also
tool used to perform low-level format. Low level
format used to reconfigure the hard disk
include setting head, cylender, and sector. Low level format
the format of the physical aspects. For each brand of hard disk
has a separate program for low-level format. To mark
SGATFMT4 use traditional Seagete, using Quantum zerrofill
or zdisk, maxtor with mud and for western digital
wd_diag.
Scandisk is a tool used to check the file structure
system, the chart location of the file (file allocation table), and can for
knowing there is at least bad sectors. Scandisk will run with
each start automatically if the computer does not shut down correctly or
electrical failure.
Disk Defragmenter is a tool used to manage
the structure or layout of the file that will reduce the fragmentation
a hard disk space. Disk Defragmenter should be done
This periodical will improve system performance and hard space
disk. Here's an example of the Disk Defragmenter, can be seen
differences before and after do Disk Defragmenter.

E) VGA Card

VGA card or display adapter is often called a component
enabled computers to process the graph to display
to the screen. Timbull frequent problem in VGA card
is the excessive heat, so to reduce heat
excessive need to be considered its heatsink and fan.

As the treatment needs to be done cleaning up from the dust or
other dirt. To clean the fan and heatsink enough
with a small brush because the fan on the VGA card is also small, so that should be
adapted to the size of his fan. Also frequent VGA card
problematic in a noisy fan or read aloud.
This problem is based on the fan that is not tight or round fan
unstable. It can also be caused by fan holder that is not
powerful that it can not support the fan properly. To
overcome this can be done with cleaning, and
tighten the fan with the right position in accordance with the position.

F) Memory

RAM is the primary component in a computer. RAM
act as temporary storage media on the system. Major

her small RAM capacity depending on the needs of the system will
used by the program. The greater the capacity of RAM it will
faster and more stable the program is run. RAM various
kinds of them are still outstanding are as
follows:
EDO RAM (often found in older computers and began to rarely
found), SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and RDRAM. Between the types of
the different physical form and its slot motherboard pad. RAM
maintenance necessary to keep it working optimally.
Disturbances in the RAM is located on the connector or the legs,
where if the RAM is often released and can be touched by the hand
cause corrosion even RAM may be damaged by static electricity.

To clean the RAM from corrosion due to touch the hand can
done by using cleaning fluid, or simply by
by eraser on foot menggosokan RAM. Addition
also worth noting installation on RAM slot, should ensure
RAM embedded with perfect because if not, then in addition to RAM
not detected by the system can also cause damage to RAM.

G) Power Supply

Power supply is the heart of a computer, because
all sources of electrical power from the computer component of disupply
power supply. Power supply AC current to function to change the current
DC, to be distributed to the various components of
computer. Power power supply range from 150 watts to 350 watts.

To 150 watts of power are rarely found because it was only used
for a simple computer without a lot of additional components.
Meanwhile, if in a computer that has some
many components eg: CD-ROM, CD-RW, and uses many
hard disk is recommended to use 300-watt power supply or
greater.
Care needs to be done to take care of power supply is
with due regard to the smooth power supply fan. Because
This fan is able to reduce the heat on power supply. Instead
it is necessary to add a tool that is often called stabilizer
voltage, because with this tool will ease the work of the power
supply that will reduce the heat released by the power
supply.

H) CPU (Central Processing Unit)

This component is the brain of the computer, the speed and
intelligence depends on the processor speed (in units
hz). Processor speed is growing rapidly until
current has reached 3:04 GHZ.
Figure 19. CPU + Heatsink and Fan
Processors require extra cooling so. Cooler prossessor
consists of heatsink and cooling fan. Processor is
the hottest components that need to be monitored at all times.
For the treatment of processors is by observing the order
where the fan so that air can spin smoothly. Then
processor fan should be selected with a high spin (minimum of 5400
rpm) and also need to be selected heatsinks with heat conducting materials

good, such as copper and aluminum. If often removed
processors do not forget to always apply silicon grease to
conducts heat more smoothly.

I) Motherboard

The motherboard is the place of all computer components
installed. The motherboard is used to connect between
components to each other. Between a single motherboard
with others varies depending on the chipset used
in the motherboard. Features offered by the motherboard
extremely varied ranging from an onboard sound card, onboard LAN, VGA
onboard and many other features. The more features
contained in the motherboard, the more heat is
produced by the motherboard.
Treatment is done on the motherboard is to keep
the temperature of the motherboard, with smooth air circulation
in the system. Because the motherboard where tersambungnya various
components of the cables connected to tied with
cable ties, will add a neat addition would also make
a smooth circulation of air.
To interference from dust and insects nest is cleaned
with a brush or a vacuum cleaner to adjust the size of a mini
brush on a narrow angle, not to interfere with components
installed, such as RAM and processor.

J) Expansion Card

Expansion cards are an additional component installed on
computer. Expansion cards can be a variety of types and functions.
Examples of such expansion card is a LAN card, sound card, TV Tunner,
VGA cards and much more. While by type consists
of PCI, ISA, and AGP.

Expansion card for treatment, to note the legs of
influence of corrosion due to touch hands or other causes.
Treatment with cleaning fluid enough corrosion or with
rubbed with a rubber eraser. Also need to also ensure
expansion cards are installed with a strong and perfect.

C. Summary 2
To perform the cleaning component in the PC must be through the way
or a particular procedure. Between one component with the component
different that the other has its own rules of order or
cleaning methods.

PHP And MySQL Tutorial

2010-02-17T07:14:00.000-08:00

Overview

Open source has brought a lot more than Linux to the computing world. It has also given us PHP and
MySQL. According to Graeme, PHP and MySQL are the world's best combination for creating data-driven
sites. In the first installment of this three-lesson tutorial, our Kiwi guide covers everything you need to
know to begin developing database hubs. He gives instructions for installation on both Unix and Windows,
and then goes on to show some simple scripts that will insert information into a database and display that
data on a Web page.
Lesson 2 covers more PHP/MySQL goodies than you could probably imagine. Graeme starts by showing
while loops, then talks about the ever-useful if-else statement. But this information alone means little if
you don't continue and see how PHP can be used with HTML forms. By the time you've polished off this
lesson, you'll be able to add, edit, and remove information from your database.
In Lesson 3, Graeme shows some of the secrets that will turn your simple data-driven site into a useful
application. As he covers validation, he'll show how to prevent users from leaving key form fields blank and
how to make sure numeric files don't contain letters. He'll also teach you how PHP handles includes and
functions. Plus you'll see how these two features, when deployed together, can make the coder's life much
easier. Graeme winds it all up with some tearful parting words and a bit of advice for the aspiring
PHP/MySQL coder.
Other PHP articles on Webmonkey:
Site Navigation with PHP
Image Creation with PHP
Threaded Discussion with PHP/MySQL
Powered by www.OnlyScript.biz and www.FastTreck.info

Introducing PHP and MySQL

Unless you've been living on Mars for the last six to eight months, you've heard of open source software
(OSS). This movement has got so much momentum that even the big boys are taking notice. Companies
like Oracle, Informix, and a host of others are releasing their flagship database products for that poster
child of the OSS movement, Linux.
Having a massively complex RDBMS (relational database management system) is all well and good if you
know what to do with it. But perhaps you are just getting into the world of databases. You've read Jay's
article and you want to put up your own data-driven Web site. But you find you don't have the resources
or desire for an ASP server or some pricey database. You want something free, and you want it to work
with Unix.
Enter PHP and MySQL. These two make up what must be the best combination for data-driven Web sites
on the planet. You needn't take my word for it. An unofficial Netcraft survey shows that PHP usage has
jumped from 7,500 hosts in June 1998 to 410,000 in March 1999. That's not bad. The combination was also
awarded Database of the Year at Webcon98, where it received a lovely tiara.
MySQL is a small, compact database server ideal for small - and not so small - applications. In addition to
supporting standard SQL (ANSI), it compiles on a number of platforms and has multithreading abilities on
Unix servers, which make for great performance. For non-Unix people, MySQL can be run as a service on
Windows NT and as a normal process in Windows 95/98 machines.
PHP is a server-side scripting language. If you've seen ASP, you'll be familiar with embedding code within an
HTML page. Like ASP, PHP script is processed by the Web server. After the server plays with the PHP code,
it returns plain old HTML back to the browser. This kind of interaction allows for some pretty complex
operations.
In addition to being free (MySQL does have some licensing restrictions though), the PHP-MySQL
combination is also cross-platform, which means you can develop in Windows and serve on a Unix platform.
Also, PHP can be run as an external CGI process, a stand-alone script interpreter, or an embedded Apache
module.
If you're interested, PHP also supports a massive number of databases, including Informix, Oracle, Sybase,
Solid, and PostgreSQL - as well as the ubiquitous ODBC.
PHP supports a host of other features right at the technological edge of Internet development. These
include authentication, XML, dynamic image creation, WDDX, shared memory support, and dynamic PDF
document creation to name but a few. If that's not enough, PHP is easy to extend, so you can roll your
own solution if you're programming savvy.
Finally, since both efforts are collaborative in nature, there's always plenty of support from documentation
and mailing lists. Bugs are fixed rapidly, and requests for features are always heard, evaluated, and if
feasible, implemented.
Enough talk! Let's go over what we're going to cover in this tutorial.
Lesson 1 is going to cover the installation of these products on both Unix and Windows systems. If you
don't need to worry about that (you're working on your ISP's machine, perhaps), jump right to the first
example scripts, where the magic starts.
In Lesson 2 we'll look at some more complex scripting goodies, including looping, form input, and sending
data from and to the database.
Lesson 3 will cover validation and techniques for making your PHP scripts smart and clean.
Let's roll.

Installing MySQL

Let's jump straight in, grab ourselves a copy of these great packages, and get hacking! This isn't simple
stuff. There are lots of options available to you for obtaining, compiling, and installing the software. Let's
deal with MySQL first, as we'll need it before we get PHP going.
MySQL central is http://www.mysql.com/. As befits a program of its stature, there are a zillion mirrors
located all over the globe, so do the Internet a favor and pick the one closest to you.
You've got plenty of choices at this point. If you're a do-it-yourselfer, then grab the source code. If you're
not that brave, there are some precompiled binaries for other platforms already available for download.
In addition, there is a shareware version of MySQL for Windows users. It is an older version of MySQL. If
you want the latest version, you'll have to purchase a license. There are also ODBC drivers that let your
applications talk to MySQL. Various other exciting bits and pieces are lurking about on the site, too, so
take a look.
The precompiled Unix versions and the Windows version are as simple as unpacking and going, and they
don't require much explanation. So let's compile from the source code. Windows users, please keep in mind
that you need to run mysqld in the mysql/bin directory.
Download the compressed file into your source directory and uncompress and untar it using gzip and tar.
The fast way of doing this is to type:
gunzip < mysql-xxxx.tar.gz | tar xvf -
The xxxx is where you put the version number. This will create a directory called mysql-xxxx, which
contains all the source files. Move to that directory by typing cd mysql-xxxx and check out the various
README and INSTALL files. They're lifesavers in sticky situations.
MySQL comes with a handy configuration script. Simply type ./configure and let things take care of
themselves. If you need to specify what happens and where, typing ./configure --help gives you a list of
options to choose from. For example, if you're compiling on a machine with little memory, you can opt for
the --with-low-memory flag. I like MySQL to install in one handy directory tree rather then in various
locations on my machine, so I specify an install location with the --prefix flag.
You can also specify lots of other options, such as what to compile and what to skip. Let's assume that we
want everything under /usr/local/mysql on our server. This means we'd type ./configure --
prefix=/usr/local/mysql.
The configure script will run and inspect your system and then build the necessary files to successfully
compile. If it fails, you'll usually get a helpful error message saying why. Quite often, you'll find the script
will fail when it's looking for threading libraries. Check that you've got MIT-pthreads installed on your
machine, and if not, add them. Linux users will have to download LinuxThreads. These are critical libraries
that allow MySQL to multithread (i.e., run multiple versions of itself). Recent distributions of Linux may
already have these libraries installed.
If everything goes according to plan, simply type make and go get a coffee. MySQL is a complex program
and takes some time to compile. If you get an error, check the documentation to see if there is anything
specific that you've missed for your particular OS.
Next, type make install and all the necessary files will be installed in all the necessary spots. Now you're
almost ready to roll! If you are a MySQL virgin and you've never installed MySQL before, you need to
create the default permissions, so type ... scripts/mysql_install_db to set these up.
That's it. We're ready to roll. All we need to do is add the ability to start and stop the server at boot -up
and shutdown times. And yes, there's a script for that as well. Typing mysql.server start starts the server,
and mysql.server stop stops the server. It's kind of obvious, really. To start the server manually (so you
can play without rebooting) enter the root directory in your MySQL installation (/usr/local/mysql) and type
bin/safe_mysqld &. You're halfway there. Now on to PHP.

Installing PHP

Phew! Hopefully you've got MySQL all up and running by now. That was almost fun! Now for PHP ... This
process is slightly easier, but the array of options is dazzling. Don't be daunted, though. You can always go
back later and recompile PHP to add or remove options as needed.
The home of PHP is http://www.php.net/. The PHP site is a mine of information, from project listings to bug
reports. As with MySQL, you should choose a nearby mirror. Obviously you'll want the Downloads section to
get PHP.
Your range of options here is a little more limited. A few precompiled binaries are available, but these are
experimental. If you're on anything except a Windows platform, grab the source code and compile it
yourself.
But first let's cover Windows. When using PHP, a common practice is to develop on a Windows machine and
then run your site on a Unix server. It may end up that you will do this yourself, which means you need to
be proficient in installing on both platforms.
Let's grab the Windows binary and uncompress it using our favorite Zip decompression tool into a directory
on your C drive called php3. The supplied README file deals with the installation in some detail, but here's
the Reader's Digest version: If you want to install PHP to a folder other than C:\php3, you'll need to edit
the .inf file that comes with PHP.
In the php3 directory, you'll find a lot of .dll files. Take all the .dll files that don't begin with php_ and move
them into your \windows\system directory. Then rename php.ini-dist to php3.ini and move it into your
\windows directory. If you open up that file, you'll see there are lots of interesting things to change. For
now just "uncomment" the line:
extension=php3_mysql.dll
If you're using Apache for Win32, set up Apache to recognize and parse PHP files. Depending on the version
of Apache you're using, you'll need to add the following to either the httpd.conf or srm.conf file:
ScriptAlias /php3/"c:/path-to-php-dir/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3
Action application/x-httpd-php3"/php3/php.exe"
Or if you're using IIS or PWS, right-click on php_iis_reg.inf and select 'Install'. You'll need to reboot for IIS
to see this change.
OK, now that Windows is out of the way, let's get to Unix. Of course, we'll be compiling from source code.
As with MySQL, download and unpack the source code. Again, PHP comes with a configure script. You
can't get away with going for defaults here, though. Run ./configure -help | more to see pages and pages
of new and interesting options. You have to decide between compiling as a CGI or as an Apache module. If
you are using the Apache Web server and you are able to recompile it, use the module: It's faster and
easier to use. Otherwise, you can go with the CGI version. We also need to compile in MySQL support.
For now we'll assume that we're running the module with MySQL support. If you want to add other options
or other libraries, you can do this later. Type:
./configure --with-apache=/path/to/apache/dir --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
Skip the -with-apache option if you're creating a CGI version. The configure process will run and produce
the relevant system files. Now simply type make again.
It's time for another coffee. If you start feeling a bit nervous and shaky at this point, don't worry about it.
We all get a little anxious during our first PHP install. Have some more coffee.
If you've created a CGI version, you're now ready to roll. Simply copy the resulting executable file into your
CGI file. For Apache module users, type make install to copy files to your Apache directory. From there,
follow the instructions to add a module to Apache and recompile.

You'll need to tell your Web server how to process pages through the PHP program now. If you're not using
Apache, you'll need to check your Web server documentation on how to get it to process documents with
a .php3 extension. Apache 1.3.x users can simply add AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3 to the
httpd.conf or srm.conf file. If you're using the CGI version, you'll need to add the following before AddType:
ScriptAlias /php3/"/path-to-php-dir/" AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3 Action application/x-httpdphp3"/
php3/php"
That's it. With any luck, you've now got MySQL running and PHP functioning. Don't forget to check the
FAQs and documentation if you get stuck. Also try the mailing lists.
Now that we've managed all that, lets put this stuff in motion!

Your First Script

You'll be glad to know that the really tricky stuff is behind you. Installation of software is always a black
hole because so much changes from system to system. But with any luck your database is up and running,
and PHP is compiled and installed with our Web server and able to recognize documents with .php3
extensions.
Let's dive right in and write our first script. Create a text file containing the following:

$myvar = "Hello World";
echo $myvar;
?>

Now call up the URL, for instance, http://myserver/test.php3. You should see a page containing the text
"Hello World." If you get an error message, check the PHP documentation to see if you set things up
properly.
That's it! That's your first PHP script. If you view the HTML source for the page, you'll see that there is
only the text. Hello World
That's because the PHP engine has examined the page, processed any code blocks that it found, and
returned only HTML.
The first thing you'll notice about the script above are the delimiters. These are the lines that start This indicates the start of a block of PHP code, and ?> indicates the end of the block. The power of PHP is
that these can be plac ed anywhere - and I mean anywhere - in your code in any number of ways. Later
we'll see some interesting uses for these, but for now let's keep it simple. If you wish, you can also
configure PHP to use short tags, , but these are not XML compliant, so be careful. If you're
making the switch from ASP, you can even configure PHP to use the <% and %> delimiters.
Another thing you'll notice is the semicolon on the end of each line. These are known as separators and
serve to distinguish one set of instructions from another. It is feasible to write an entire PHP script on one
line and separate the portions with semicolons. But that would be a mess, so we'll add a new line after
each semicolon. Just remember that each line must end in a semicolon.
Finally, you see that the word myvar begins with a dollar sign. This symbol tells PHP that this is a variable.
We assigned the words "Hello World" to the variable $myvar. A variable can also contain numbers or an
array. Either way, all variables start with the dollar sign symbol.
The real power of PHP comes from its functions. These are basically processing instructions. If you add up
all of the optional add-ins to PHP, there are more than 700 functions available. So there's quite a bit you
can do.
Now let's add some MySQL to the picture.

Load Up a Database

So now we're ready to plug in MySQL. One handy way of knowing what options are available in PHP and
what's going on in your server is to use the phpinfo() function. Create a script with the following:

Save and view this script through your Web server. You'll see a page filled with useful and interesting
information like this. This info tells all about your server, internal Web server environment variables, the
options that are compiled, and on and on. In the first section, Extensions, look for a line beginning with
MySQL. If this is missing, then for some reason MySQL hasn't made it into PHP. Go back and review the
installation steps and check the PHP documentation to see if you missed anything.
If MySQL is there, then you're ready to roll.
Before we can get data out of MySQL, we have to put data in it. There's really no easy way to do it at this
stage. Most PHP scripts come with what's known as a dump file that contains all the data required to
create and populate a MySQL database. The ins and outs of this process are really outside the scope of
this tutorial, so I'll just do it for you.
MySQL uses its own user permissions table. At setup, a default user (root) is automatically created with no
password. It's up to the database administrator to add other users with various permissions, but I could
write a whole other article on that, so we'll stick with using the root user. If you set up your own server
and database, it's vital that you assign a password to the root user.
Anyway, let's get on with the database. For Win32 users, I'm sorry, but this requires some DOS work. You'll
have to use a DOS window or type everything in the Ru n window. Don't forget to type in the path to the
location of the MySQL/bin directory with your commands. Unix users can work from the MySQL bin
directory, but you may have to start each command with ./ so the programs run.
The first thing we need to do is create the actual database. From the command line, type:
mysqladmin -u root create mydb
That creates a database called "mydb." The flag tells MySQL that we're doing this as the root user.
Next we'll add some data using everyone's favorite example, the employees database. We're going to need
that dump file I mentioned earlier. If you're interested in how it goes together, review the manual that
comes with MySQL or check out http://www.turbolift.com/mysql/.
Copy and paste the following text to a file and save it in MySQL's bin directory. (I'll call the file
mydb.dump.)
CREATE TABLE employees ( id tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, first varchar(20), last
varchar(20), address varchar(255), position varchar(50), PRIMARY KEY (id), UNIQUE id (id));INSERT
INTO employees VALUES (1,'Bob','Smith','128 Here St, Cityname','Marketing Manager');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (2,'John','Roberts','45 There St , Townville','Telephonist');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (3,'Brad','Johnson','1/34 Nowhere Blvd, Snowston','Doorman');
If the lines wrap, make sure that each insert statement is on a new line. Now we'll insert it into the mydb
database. From the command line, type:
mysql -u root mydb < mydb.dump
You shouldn't get any errors doing this. If you do, check for incorrect line wrapping.
8
Pull It Back Out
OK, now we've got our data in the database. Let's do something with it. Copy and paste the following into
a text file and save it in your Web server document tree with a .php3 extension.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
printf("First Name: %s
\n", mysql_result($result,0,"first"));
printf("Last Name: %s
\n", mysql_result($result,0,"last"));
printf("Address: %s
\n", mysql_result($result,0,"address"));
printf("Position: %s
\n", mysql_result($result,0,"position"));
?>

Let's explain what happens here. The mysql_connect() function opens a link to a MySQL server on the
specified host (in this case it's localhost) along with a username (root). If you needed to specify a
password, you'd add it here as well. The result of the connection is stored in the variable $db.
mysql_select_db() then tells PHP that any queries we make are against the mydb database. We could
create multiple connections to databases on different servers. But for now, let's leave it to this.
Next, mysql_query() does all the hard work. Using the database connection identifier, it sends a line of SQL
to the MySQL server to be processed. The results that are returned are stored in the variable $result.
Finally, mysql_result() is used to display the values of fields from our query. Using $result, we go to the
first row, which is numbered 0, and display the value of the specified fields.
The syntax of the printf function may seem a little odd if you haven't used Perl or C before. In each of the
lines above, %s indicates that the variable in the second half of the expression (e.g.,
mysql_result($result,0,"position")) should be treated as a string and printed. For more on printf, see the
PHP documentation.
So there we have it. We successfully complied, installed, and configured MySQL and PHP, and we've
executed a simple script to retrieve some information. In Lesson 2, we'll do some clever stuff to display
multiple records and even send data to and from the database.
Come on back, now.

Lesson 2:
Getting Loopy

In this lesson, we're going to dive right in and create some simple yet useful pages using PHP and MySQL.
Let's start by displaying the database we created yesterday, but with a little more panache.
First, let's query our database using the following code.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "\n";
echo "\n";
while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
printf("\n", $myrow[1], $myrow[2],
$myrow[3]);
}
echo "

Name	Position
%s %s	%s

\n";
?>

You probably noticed that we introduced a couple of new features here. Most obvious is the while() loop.
The loop says that as long as there are new rows of data to be grabbed (using the mysql_fetch_row()
function), assign that row to the $myrow variable. Then execute the instructions between the curly
brackets ({}). Take a look for a second, and this should make sense.
The mysql_fetch_row() function bears a closer look. One small problem with mysql_fetch_row() is that it
returns an array that supports only numeric references to the individual fields. So the first field is referred
to as 0, the second as 1, and so on. With complex queries this can become something of a nightmare.
Now let's examine the loop in more detail. The first few lines you'll recognize from the example in Lesson 1.
Then in the while() loop we fetch a row from the result and assign it to the array $myrow. Then we print
the contents of the array on the screen with the printf function. After that it loops around again, and
another row is assigned to $myrow. It will do this until it runs out of rows to grab.
The great thing about a while() loop is that if your query returns no records, you won't get an error
message. The first time through there won't be any data to assign to $myrow, and the program will just
move on.
But if the query returns no data, we have no way of letting the user know, and we should probably provide
some sort of message. This is possible, so let's do it.

Stay Informed
Take a look at this script.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
if ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
echo "\n";
echo "\n";
do {
printf("\n", $myrow["first"], $myrow["last"],
$myrow["address"]);
} while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result));
echo "

Name	Position
%s %s	%s

\n";
} else {
echo "Sorry, no records were found!";
}
?>

There are a number of new features introduced here, but they're quite simple. First, there's the
mysql_fetch_array() function. This is exactly the same as mysql_fetch_row() with one nice exception:
Using this function, we can refer to fields by their names (such as $myrow["first"]) rather than their
numbers. This should save us some headaches. We've also introduced a do/while loop and an if-else
statement.
The if-else statement says that if we can assign a row to $myrow, then continue; otherwise skip to the
else section and do what's in there.
The do/while loop is a variation of the while() loop we used on the last page. We need the do/while loop
here for a very good reason: With the initial if statement, we assigned the first row returned by the query
to the variable $myrow. If at this point we executed a regular while statement (such as while ($myrow =
mysql_fetch_row($result)), we'd be kicking the first record out of the variable and replacing it with the
second record. But the do/while loop lets us test the condition after the code has been run once. So
there's no chance of us accidentally skipping a row.
Finally, if there are no records returned at all, the statements contained in the else{} portion will be
executed. To see this portion in action, change the SQL statement to SELECT * FROM employees WHERE
id=6 or something else that will return no records.
Now let's extend this looping and if-else code to make one fancy-schmancy page. You're going to love it.

Link Intelligently
We're going to take that looping power we just learned and use it in a more practical example. But before
we proceed here, you should know how to work with forms, the querystring, and the GET and POST
methods. Jay covered this not long ago, so go take a look at his article if this is unfamiliar to you.
Right now I'm going to work with the querystring. As you should know, there are three ways to get
information into the querystring. The first is to use the GET method in a form. The second is to type the
information into the URL on your browser. And third, you can embed a querystring in a standard link. Just
make the anchor tag look something like this: . We're
going to use this technique right now.
First off, lets query our database again and list the employee names. Look at the following script. Much of
this should look pretty familiar by now.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
if ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
do {
printf("%s %s
\n", $PHP_SELF, $myrow["id"],
$myrow["first"], $myrow["last"]);
} while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result));
} else {
echo "Sorry, no records were found!";
}
?>

Everything's about the same except the printf function, so let's look at it in some detail.
First notice that each quotation mark is preceeded by a backslash. The backslash tells PHP to display the
character following it, rather than treat it as part of the code. Also note the use of the variable
$PHP_SELF. This variable, which stores the script's name and location, is passed along with every PHP
page. It's helpful here because we just want this file to call itself. Using $PHP_SELF, we can be sure that
will happen, even if the file is moved to another directory - or even another machine.
As I just mentioned, these links will recall the page. On the second time through, however, some
information will be added to the querystring.
PHP does a nifty thing when it sees a name=value pair in the querystring. It automatically creates a
variable with the name and value the querystring indicated. This feature allows us to test if it's the first or
second time through this page. All we have to do is ask PHP if the variable $id exists.
Once I know the answer to that question, I can display a different set of information the second time
through. Here's how:

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
// display individual record
if ($id) {
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees WHERE id=$id",$db);
$myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result);

printf("First name: %s\n
", $myrow["first"]);
printf("Last name: %s\n
", $myrow["last"]);
printf("Address: %s\n
", $myrow["address"]);
printf("Position: %s\n
", $myrow["position"]);
} else {
// show employee list
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
if ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
// display list if there are records to display
do {
printf("%s %s
\n", $PHP_SELF, $myrow["id"],
$myrow["first"], $myrow["last"]);
} while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result));
} else {
// no records to display
echo "Sorry, no records were found!";
}
}
?>

This code is getting complex now, so I've started to use comments to keep track of what's going on. You
can use // to make a single-line comment or /* and */ to start and end a large comment block.
And there we have it: your first truly useful PHP/MySQL script! Now let's take a look at how to plug forms
into it and send information back into the database.

Throw in Some Forms

We've managed to get data from a database without much difficulty. But what about sending data the
other way? It's not a problem with PHP.
First let's create a page with a simple form.

Note the use of $PHP_SELF again. Like I said in Lesson 1, you can use PHP anywhere inside your HTML
code. You'll also notice that each form element matches the field name in the database. This is not
compulsory; it's just a good idea so you can get your head around your code later on.
Also notice that I've given the Submit button a name attribute. I've done this so I can test for the
existence of a $submit variable. That way, when the page is called again, I'll know whether someone used
this form.
I should mention that you don't have to have a page that loops back on itself. You can span two, three, or
more pages, if you like. This way everything stays compact.
OK, let's add some code that will check for the form input. Just to prove that the form input does make it
through, I'll dump all the variables to the screen with $HTTP_POST_VARS. This is a useful debugging
feature. If you ever need to see all the variables on a page, use $GLOBALS.

if ($submit) {
// process form
while (list($name, $value) = each($HTTP_POST_VARS)) {
echo "$name = $value
\n";
}
} else{
// display form
?>

} // end if
?>

Now that this is looking good, let's take the form information and post it to the database.

if ($submit) {
// process form
$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$sql = "INSERT INTO employees (first,last,address,position) VALUES
('$first','$last','$address','$position')";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
echo "Thank you! Information entered.\n";
} else{
// display form
?>

} // end if
?>

You've now inserted data into the database. It's still far from perfect. What if someone leaves a field blank
or enters text when we want a numeric entry? What if there's an error somewhere?
Don't worry. We'll get to that.
15
Make the Forms Smarter
Throughout this tutorial, I've been loading the SQL statement into a variable ($sql) before firing the query
at the database with mysql_query(). This is useful for debugging. If something goes wrong, you can always
echo the SQL to the screen to examine it for mistakes.
We already know how to get data into the database. Now let's try modifying records that are already in
the database. Editing data combines two elements we've already seen: displaying data on the screen and
sending data back to the database via form input. However, editing is slightly different in that we have to
show the appropriate data in the form.
First, let's recycle the code from Lesson 1 to display the employee names on our page. But this time
through, we're going to populate our form with employee information. It should look a little like this:

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
if ($id) {
// query the DB
$sql = "SELECT * FROM employees WHERE id=$id";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
$myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result);
?>

} else {
// display list of employees
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
printf("%s %s
\n", $PHP_SELF, $myrow["id"],
$myrow["first"], $myrow["last"]);
}
}
?>

We just echoed the field information into the value attribute of the each element, which was fairly easy.
Let's build on this a little more. We will add the ability to send the edited code back to the database.
Again, we're going to use the Submit button to test whether we need to process the form input. Also note
the slightly different SQL statement we use.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
if ($id) {
if ($submit) {
$sql = "UPDATE employees SET first='$first',last='$last',address='$address',position='$position'
WHERE id=$id";
16
$result = mysql_query($sql);
echo "Thank you! Information updated.\n";
} else {
// query the DB
$sql = "SELECT * FROM employees WHERE id=$id";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
$myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result);
?>

}
} else {
// display list of employees
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
printf("%s %s
\n", $PHP_SELF, $myrow["id"],
$myrow["first"], $myrow["last"]);
}
}
?>

And that's that. We've managed to combine most of the features we've seen into one script. You can also
see how we've used an if() statement inside another if() statement to check for multiple conditions. It's
time to put it all together and make one killer script.
17
All Together Now
We'll finish up this lesson by putting everything into a single page that can add, edit, and remove entries
from the database. It's an extension of what we've covered so far and makes for a good review. Let's take
a look.

$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
if ($submit) {
// here if no ID then adding else we're editing
if ($id) {
$sql = "UPDATE employees SET first='$first',last='$last',address='$address',position='$position'
WHERE id=$id";
} else {
$sql = "INSERT INTO employees (first,last,address,position) VALUES
('$first','$last','$address','$position')";
}
// run SQL against the DB
$result = mysql_query($sql);
echo "Record updated/edited!

";
} elseif ($delete) {
// delete a record
$sql = "DELETE FROM employees WHERE id=$id";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
echo "$sql Record deleted!

";
} else {
// this part happens if we don't press submit
if (!$id) {
// print the list if there is not editing
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
printf("%s %s \n", $PHP_SELF, $myrow["id"], $myrow["first"],
$myrow["last"]);
printf("(DELETE)
", $PHP_SELF,
$myrow["id"]);
}
}
?>

">ADD A RECORD

}
?>

This looks complex, but it really isn't. The script is broken up into three parts. The first if() statement
checks to see whether the Submit button has been pressed, and if it has, it checks to see whether the
variable $id exists. If doesn't, then we're adding a record. Otherwise, we're editing a record.
Next we check to see whether the variable $delete exists. If it does, we delete a record. Note that with
the first if() statement we checked for a variable that came through as a POST, and in this one, the
variable would be part of a GET.
Finally, we take the default action that displays the list of employees and the form. Again we check for the
existence of the $id variable. If it exists, we query the database to display the relevant record. Otherwise,
we display a blank form.
We've now put all we've learned into one script. We used while() loops and if() statements, and we ran the
gamut of the basic SQL statements - SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. Lastly, we've looked at how
we can pass information from one page to another using URLs and form input.
In Lesson 3 we'll look at how to make the page more intelligent.

Lesson 3:
A Place for Everything

Welcome to the third and final lesson for this tutorial. If you've gone through Lesson 1 and Lesson 2, you
already know the essentials for installing and writing useful scripts with MySQL and PHP. We're going to
look at some useful PHP functions that should make your life a lot easier. First, let's look at include files.
We all know the basics of includes, right? Contents of an external file are referenced and imported into the
main file. It's pretty easy: You call a file and it's included. When we do this in PHP there are two functions
we need to talk about : include() and require(). The difference between these two functions is subtle but
important, so let's take a closer look. The require() function works in a XSSI-like way; files are included as
part of the original document as soon as that file is parsed, regardless of its location in the script. So if you
decide to place a require() function inside a conditional loop, the external file will be included even if that
part of the conditional loop is false.
The include() function imports the referenced file each time it is encountered. If it's not encountered, PHP
won't bother with it. This means that you can use include in loops and conditional statements, and they'll
work exactly as planned.
Finally, if you use require() and the file you're including does not exist, your script will halt and produce an
error. If you use include(), your script will generate a warning, but carry on. You can test this yourself by
trying the following script. Run the script, then replace include() with require() and compare the results.

include("emptyfile.inc");
echo "Hello World";
?>

I like to use the suffix .inc with my include files so I can separate them from normal PHP scripts. If you do
this, make sure that you set your Web server configuration file to parse .inc files as PHP files. Otherwise,
hackers might be able to guess the name of your include files and display them through the browser as text
files. This could be bad if you've got sensitive information - such as database passwords - contained in the
includes.
So what are you going to do with include files? Simple! Place information common to all pages inside them.
Things like HTML headers, footers, database connection code, and user-defined functions are all good
candidates. Paste this text into a file called header.inc.
$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
?>

<br /><?php echo $title ?> <br />

Then create another file called footer.txt that contains some appropriate closing text and tags.
Now let's create a third file containing the actual PHP script. Try the following code, making sure
that your MySQL server is running.
20
$title = "Hello World";
include("header.inc");
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
echo "\n";
echo "\n";
while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
printf("\n", $myrow[1], $myrow[2], $myrow[3]);
}
echo "

Name	Position
%s %s	%s

\n";
include("footer.inc");
?>
See what happens? The include files are tossed into the main file and then the whole thing is executed by
PHP. Notice how the variable $title was defined before header.inc is referenced. Its value is made available
to the code in header.inc; hence, the title of the page is changed. You can now use header.inc across all
your PHP pages, and all you'll have to do is change the value of $title from page to page.
Using a combination of includes, HTML, conditional statements, and loops, you can create complex
variations from page to page with an absolute minimum of code. Includes become especially useful when
used with functions, as we'll see down the road.
On to the exciting world of data validation.
21
Simple Validation
Imagine for a moment that we've got our database nicely laid out and we're now requesting information
from users that will be inserted into the database. Further, let's imagine that you have a field in your
database waiting for some numeric input, such as a price. Finally, imagine your application falling over in a
screaming heap because some smart aleck put text in that field. MySQL doesn't want to see text in that
portion of your SQL statement - and it complains bitterly.
What to do? Time to validate.
Validation simply means that we'll examine a piece of data, usually from an HTML form, and check to make
sure that it fits a certain model. This can range from ensuring that a element is not blank to validating that
an element meets certain criteria (for example, that a numeric value is stipulated or that an email address
contains an @ for an email address).
Validation can be done on the server side or on the client side. PHP is used for server-side validation, while
JavaScript or another client-based scripting language can provide client-side validation. This article is
about PHP, so we're going to concentrate on the server end of things. But if you're looking for some readymade,
client-side validation scripts, check out the Webmonkey code library.
Let's ignore our database for the moment and concentrate on PHP validation. If you wish, you can add
additional fields to our employee database quite simply by using the MySQL ALTER statement - that is, if
you want to commit to the values that we'll validate.
There are several useful PHP functions we can use to validate our data, and they range from simple to
highly complex. A simple function we could use might be strlen(), which tells us the length of the variable.
A more complex function would be ereg(), which uses full regular expression handling for complex queries. I
won't delve into the complexities of regex here, as entire books have been written on the subject, but I will
provide some examples on the next page.
Let's start with a simple example. We'll check to see whether a variable does or does not exist.

if ($submit) {
if (!$first || !$last) {
$error = "Sorry! You didn't fill in all the fields!";
} else {
// process form
echo "Thank You!";
}
}
if (!$submit || $error) {
echo $error;
?>

} // end if
?>

22
The keys to this script are the nested conditional statements. The first checks to see whether the Submit
button has been pressed. If it has, it goes on to check that both the variables $first and $last exist. The
|| symbol means "or" and the ! symbol means "not." We could also rewrite the statement to say, "If $first
does not exist or $last does not exist, then set $error to the following."
Next, let's extend things a little by checking to see whether a string is a certain length. This would be ideal
for passwords, since you don't want some lazy user entering a password of only one or two letters. You'd
rather it be, say, six or more characters.
The function for this is, as you already know, strlen(). It simply returns a number equal to the number of
characters in the variable being tested. Here, I modified the script above to check the length of $first and
$last.

if ($submit) {
if (strlen($first) < 6 || strlen($last) < 6) {
$error = "Sorry! You didn't fill in all the fields!";
} else {
// process form
echo "Thank You!";
}
}
if (!$submit || $error) {
echo $error;
?>

} // end if
?>

Run this script and try entering six or fewer letters to see what happens. It's simple yet quite effective.
23
Not-So-Simple Validation
Let's talk a bit about using regular expressions with the ereg() and eregi() functions. As I said earlier, these
can be either quite complex or very simple, depending on what you need.
Using regular expressions, you can examine a string and intelligently search for patterns and variations to
see whether they match the criteria you set. The most common of these involves checking whether an
email address is valid (although, of course, there's no fail-safe way of doing this).
Rather than delve into the mysteries of regular expressions, I'll provide some examples. You can use the
same form we created on the previous page - just paste in the lines below to see how they work.
First, let's make sure that text only has been entered into a form element. This regular expression tests
true if the user has entered one or more lowercase characters, from a to z. No numbers are allowed:
if (!ereg("[a-Z]", $first) || !ereg("[a-Z]", $last)) {
Now, let's extend this expression to check whether the string is four to six characters in length. Using
[[:alpha:]] is an easy way to check for valid alphabetic characters. The numbers in the braces check for
the number of occurrences. And note that the ^ and $ indicate the beginning and end of the string.
if (!ereg("^[[:alpha:]]{4,6}$", $first) || !ereg("^[[:alpha:]]{4,6}$", $last)) {
Finally, let's build a regular expression that will check an email address' validity. There's been plenty of
discussion about the effectiveness of checking for email addresses in this way. Nothing's completely
foolproof, but what I have below works pretty well.
I took this gem from the PHP mailing list. It's a great resource - use it. And yes, this is as scary as it looks.
f (!ereg('^[-!#$%&\'*+\\./0-9=?A-Z^_`a-z{|}~]+'.
'@'.
'[-!#$%&\'*+\\/0-9=?A-Z^_`a-z{|}~]+\.'.
'[-!#$%&\'*+\\./0-9=?A-Z^_`a-z{|}~]+$', $last)) {
Don't spend too much time looking at this. Just move on to the next page.
24
Functions
Enjoy that last regex expression? Fun, wasn't it? Wouldn't it be even more fun to enter that chunk on a
dozen different pages that need to process email addresses?! Think about the joy of finding a typo in that
mess - and doing it a dozen times no less. But of course, there's a better way.
Remember when we talked about include files earlier in this lesson? They'll allow us to create a piece of
code like the email checker and include it multiple times across several pages. This way, when we want to
change the code, we need edit only one file, not many.
But if we want to get this done, we'll have to use functions.
We've already used functions plenty of times. Every time we query the database or check the length of a
string we're using functions. These functions are built into PHP. If you're a keen coder, you can extend PHP
with your own customized functions. But that's a bit advanced for this tutorial. Instead we'll create
functions that will reside within our PHP script.
A function is simply a block of code that we pass one or more values to. The function then processes the
information and returns a value. The function can be as simple or complex as we like, but as long as we
can pass a value in and get one out, we don't really care how complex it is. That's the beauty of functions.
Functions in PHP behave similarly to functions in C. When we define the functions, we must specify what
values the function can expect to receive. It's tricky to get a handle on at first, but it prevents weird
things from happening down the road. This is done because the variables inside a function are known as
private variables. That is, they exist only inside the function. You may, for instance, have a variable in your
script called $myname. If you created a function and expected to use the same $myname variable (with
the same value), it wouldn't work. Alternatively, you could have the variable $myname in your script and
also create another variable called $myname in your function, and the two would co-exist quite happily
with separate values. I do not recommend doing this, however! When you come back and edit it six months
later, you'll be breaking things left and right. There are exceptions to this rule as with all things, but that's
outside the scope of this article.
So let's create a function. We'll start simply. We need to give the function a name and tell it what variables
to expect. We also need to define the function before we call it.

function addnum($first, $second) {
$newnum = $first + $second;
return $newnum;
}
echo addnum(4,5);
?>

That's it! First, we created our function. Notice how we defined two new variables, called $first and
$second. When we call the function, each variable is assigned a value based on the order in which it
appears in the list - 4 goes to $first, 5 to $second. Then we simply added the two numbers together and
returned the result. "Return" here simply means to send the result back. At the end of the script we print
the number 9.
Let's create something that's more useful to our database application. How about something that gracefully
handles errors? Try this:

function do_error($error) {
25
echo "Hmm, looks like there was a problem here...
";
echo "The reported error was $error.\n
";
echo "Best you get hold of the site admin and let her know.";
die;
}
if (!$db = @mysql_connect("localhost","user", "password")) {
$db_error = "Could not connect to MySQL Server";
do_error($db_error);
}
?>

Before running this, try shutting down MySQL or using a bogus username or password. You'll get a nice,
useful error message. Observant readers will notice the @ symbol in front of mysql_connect(). This
suppresses error messages so that you get the information only from the function. You'll also see we were
able to pass a variable into the function, which was defined elsewhere.
Remember that I said functions use their own private variables? That was a little white lie. In fact, you can
make variables outside of a function accessible to the function. You might create a function to query a
database and display a set of results over several pages. You don't want to have to pass the database
connection identifier into the function every time. So in this situation, you can make connection code
available as a global variable. For example:

function db_query($sql) {
global $db;
$result = mysql_query($sql,$db);
return $result;
}
$sql = "SELECT * FROM mytable";
$result = db_query($sql);
?>

This is a basic function, but the point is that you don't need to send $db through when you call the
function - you can make it available using the word global. You can define other variables as global in this
statement, just separate the variable names by a comma.
Finally, you can look like a real pro by using optional function variables. Here, the key is to define the
variable to some default in the function, then when you call the function without specifying a value for the
variable, the default will be adopted. But if you do specify a value, it will take precedence.
Confused? For example, when you connect to a database, you nearly always connect to the same server
and you'll likely use the same username and password. But sometimes you'll need to connect to a different
database. Let's take a look.

function db_connect($host = "localhost", $user="username", $pass="graeme") {
$db = mysql_connect($host, $username, $password);
return $db;
}
$old_db = db_connect();
$new_host = "site.com";
$new_db = db_connect($new_host);
26
?>

Isn't that cool? The variables used inside the function were defined when the function was defined. The
first time the function is called, the defaults are used. The second time, we connect to a new host, but
with the same username and password. Great stuff!
Think about where you could use other functions in your code. You could use them for data checking,
performing routine tasks, and so on. I use them a lot when processing text for display on a Web page. I
can check, parse, and modify the text to add new lines and escape HTML characters in one fell swoop.
Now all that's left to do is to impart some words of wisdom.
27
Closing Advice
When it comes to databasing, there's a lot to learn. If you haven't done it already, find a good book about
database design and learn to put together a solid database - on any platform. It's an invaluable skill and it
will save you plenty of time and headache in the long run. Also, learn about MySQL. It's a complex but
interesting database with a wealth of useful documentation. Learn about table structure, data types, and
SQL. You can actually achieve some pretty impressive stuff if you know enough SQL.
Finally, there's PHP. The PHP Web site has nearly everything you need, from a comprehensive manual to
mailing-list archives to code repositories. An excellent way to learn about PHP is to study the examples
used in the manual and to check out the code archives. Many of the posted scripts consist of functions or
classes that you can use for free in your own scripts without having to reinvent the wheel. Additionally,
the mailing list is an excellent spot to check out if you get stuck. The developers themselves read the list
and there are plenty of knowledgeable people there who can help you along the way.

KEEP YOUR OPTIMIZE

powerred by www.OnlyScript.biz and www.FastTreck.info

Dream Aquarium Screensaver 1.207

2010-02-15T05:16:00.000-08:00

Dream Aquarium Screensaver offers users an opportunity to turn their computer screen into a fish tank when they are not using it. With a surprising amount of options, you can control virtually every aspect of the program except for one important one.

The program has a somewhat confusing interface that requires the user to right-click on the aquarium as it's running in order to access the Options menu. But the actual fish tank action is impressive. Up to six species of sea creatures (the trial limits the tank to six) move in realistic ways and look lifelike, whether they are brightly colored angelfish or crabs scurrying about on the sea floor. The program's options are the highlight of the program once the menu is accessed. Users can choose between seven different aquariums, different fish, lighting, and can even feed the fish. While it seems like every opportunity was taken for users to control the tank, the designers neglected to give them as much control over when the screensaver operates. Throughout the extensive Options menu we only found one vague command to set when the aquarium appears, and oddly, this was only when the computer was running on battery.

While its lack of direction for controlling the program was annoying, it wasn't enough to deter us from the spectacular graphics and options for the aquarium. Anyone interested in filling the screen undersea life should give this download a shot.

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

from: www.download.com

3D World Map 2.1

2010-02-15T05:01:00.000-08:00

This feature-packed program pulls double duty as an educational tool and a screensaver. As you might guess from its name, 3D World Map brings a three-dimensional rendering of the globe to your PC and displays a number of facts such as population, latitude, longitude, and altitude. The program's database appears to be very comprehensive, as we noticed information on many small and lesser-known places. The trial version restricts you to a low-resolution map, but it's still not too harsh on the eyes. Our only complaint is the lack of a zoom-in tool for closer inspection. 3D World Map also acts as a highly customizable screensaver. In this respect, you can choose from several differently designed globes, adjust the speed of the earth's rotation, select the degree of ocean and land opacity, and pick from a few camera angles. Also, rather than bundling a cheesy soundtrack, the developer wisely gives you the option to use your own MP3s. Because of its versatility, we can recommend this program to a wide range of users, and geography buffs and students will find it especially compelling.

click here to download

from: www.download.com

Fire Screensaver 2.00.120

2010-02-15T04:51:00.000-08:00

Free Fire Screensave sets users' monitors ablaze, igniting each window and icon in translucent flames. It's a cool effect, and the intuitive interface allows for just the right amount of customization; users can personalize their settings without being overwhelmed by options.

The features that users can tweak include the speed of the flames' flickering, whether the screensaver fades out or ends immediately upon exit, and the program's sounds and music. Users can choose between two built-in pieces of music (Romantic and Melancholic), set the program to use other music from the computer, or turn the music off entirely. Crackling fire sounds can also be adjusted in volume or turned off. This program offers multimonitor support for users who desire more than one blazing screen; this can be turned off for those who don't. Users can also easily take a screenshot of the flaming desktop, which could provide a not-so-subtle way to tell your boss what you really think of your latest assignment. (If only it showed holes burning through Word documents!)

This freeware installs and uninstalls cleanly, making it a hassle-free desktop enhancement. Users who want to add a little bit of heat to their computers should find this an enjoyable addition to their screensaver collections.

click here to download

from : www.download.com

Line Follower Robot-Based LDR

2010-02-15T04:41:00.001-08:00

Line follower robot circuit at its core is 2 pieces of current DC motors based on input from sensors LDR, if the white lines mendeksi LDR (light) and black lines (dark) then there will be a change in resistance value of LDR, which will activate / deactivate the transistor 2N3904 . To set the input voltage to the base in order to create a 2N3904 transistor saturation, the voltage divider is used, in this case trimpot / potentiometer 50k-100k. Changes 2N3904 transistor logic will also cause the LED on or off, as an indicator of whether LDR read black line / white. Changes in the collector logic 2N3904 well as input on the basis 2N2907, which will enable / disable the DC motor, which is a 2N2907 transistor switching transistor standard. Consider the following picture:

You can use some of the items used to make these robots, for example using the wheel as the wheel BB Rexona robots. Components and the necessary equipment is complete:

* 2 pieces LDR light sensor

* IC PCB hole

* 2 pieces transistor 2N3904

* 2 pieces transistor 2N2907

* 2 pieces Trimpot / potentiometer 50k-100k

* 2 fruit 3.3K resistors

* 2 fruit 1K resistor

* 2 pieces LED (Light-emitting diode Emiting)

* Spacer (PCB feet)

* Robot Acrilic body diameter 20 cm.

* Solder, tin solder and wires sufficiently

* 6V battery box

* Wheel marks reliever BB Rexona

* 2 fruit DC motor with gearbox for GT1 and GT1 wheels

Or

* 2 fruit DC motor with gearbox and rubber Wheel GT5 to GT5 (even better)

* PCB Drill

* Glue Candle

* Multitester analog / digital

Assembly

The steps to assemble the robot is as follows:

1. Prepare IC PCB holes, then fit and appropriate circuit components solderlah above.

2. Give 6V voltage, set the light on the LDR provision by opening or closing the LDR surface with fingers or a paper, set trimpot / potentiometer so that the optimal results. This section is the most critical part in making robo tini, because if tuning is not right, aka robots are not suitable path beralan made.

4. Put the PCB and its supporters acrilic. Connect the cable to the output DC motor PCB. Connected to the input battery 6V Supply PCB.

5. If you've assembled on the floor try to run the already installed curved black lines (can use duct tape), then the robot will follow the path beralan. If the sensor is less sensitive, slowly rotate trimpot / potentiometer robot, for optimal results. LDR Make sure the sensor close enough to the floor. If the motor turns too fast, you can adjust the voltage of the DC motor, for example using a variable regulator IC LM317.

Know Your Light Sensor

2010-02-15T04:36:00.000-08:00

Another type of resistor Light dependent resistor (LDR). LDR resistance changes with changes in light intensity about it. In the dark resistance of about 10MΩ LDR and in light of 1KΩ or less. LDR made from semiconductor materials such as cadmium sulfide. With this material the energy of the light that falls cause more load to the electric current is released or increased. This means that the material resistance has decreased.

LDR is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. Automatic light switches and burglar alarms are a few examples of tools that use the LDR. However, because the response to light is slow, LDR is not used in situations where the intensity of light changed drastically.

Function light sensor for detecting the light that surrounds us. Sensor to detect light famous is LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). The sensor will change its resistance value when there is a change in light brightness.

These principles we will use to activate the transistor to a DC motor drive (similar to the dynamo in the toy cars children). Change the value of the LDR resistance will lead to changes in input voltage difference at the base of the transistor, so that will activate / disable transistors . Another application of this LDR sensor is in alarm Thief.

Know Your Electronics Components

2010-02-15T04:07:00.000-08:00

Resistor

Resistors are electronic components that serves to provide resistance to the flow of electric current. In the electric circuit of resistors required certain specifications, such as major obstacles, the maximum current to be missed, and the characteristics of resistance against temperature and heat. Resistors provide resistance to a given component of the voltage current flowing through it is not large, and can be used as a voltage divider.

Capacitors

capacitor is an electrical component that serves to store electrical charges. One type of capacitor is keeping parallel capacitor. This capacitor consists of two parallel pieces of metal separated by an insulator called a dielectric. When the capacitor is connected to a battery-charged capacitor until the potential difference between the two terminals with battery voltage. If the battery is removed, electric charges will be exhausted in a very long time, except when a conductor is connected to the two capacitor terminals.

Diodes

Diodes are semiconductor devices that stream flow in one direction only. Diodes made of Silicon Germanium or better known as Junction diodes. Diode is also used on the adapter that functions as a rectifier of the AC signal to DC.

LED (Light emitting diode)

LED is a component that can emit light. LED is a product of the other findings after diode. The structure is also similar to the diode, but later found that the electrons that hit connection PN also releasing energy in the form of heat energy and light energy. LEDs are made to be more efficient if the issue of light. To obtain light emission in semiconductors, doping is the use of gallium, arsenic and phosporus. Different types of drugs produce different colors of light as well.

At this time the colors of LED light that there is a lot of red, yellow and blue hijau.LED very rare. Basically, all colors can be produced, but it will be very expensive and inefficient. In addition to selecting the LED color, need to be considered working voltage, maximum current and power dissipation.

Relay

Transistor can not function as a switch (switch) DC voltage or high voltage. In addition, generally not used as a switch for large currents (> 5 A). In this case, the use of a perfect relay. Relay functions as a switch that works based on input he had.

Benefits relay:

· can switch AC and DC, DC transistor switches only

· Relays can switch high voltages, transistors can not be

· Relay choice for switching large currents

· Relays can switch many contacts in the 1st time

Lack of relay:

· Relay size much larger than the transistor

· Relay can not switch quickly

· Relay need greater power compared to the transistor

· Relay requires a large input current

Transistor

Bipolar transistors are used as electronic switches and amplifiers in digital electronic circuits. Transistor has 3 terminals. Transistors are usually made of silicon or germanium material. Three different foot shape is a bipolar transistor emitter, base and collector. They can be combined into NPN or PNP type which became one as the three legs of transistors. The figure below shows the shapes and symbols for NPN type. (The PNP transistors, emitter arrow opposite direction).

Picture Symbols NPN and PNP transistors

In electronic circuits, the input signal is 1 or 0 is always used at the base of the transistor, which the collector and emitter as a liaison to the breaker (short) or as the opening sequence. Rules / procedures transistor as follows:

· NPN transistor, providing a positive voltage from the base to the emitter, causing the collector to emitter connections connected short, which causes the transistor active (on). Providing a negative voltage or 0 V from the base to the emitter causes the open collector and emitter, which is called the transistor die ( off)

· In the PNP PNP transistors, providing a negative voltage from the base to the emitter of this transistor turns on (on). And provide a positive voltage or 0 V from the base to the emitter of this will make the transistor die (off).

Google Threatening to Stop Operations in China

2010-02-11T07:54:00.000-08:00

Google is threatening to leave China after a dispute revolving around a cyber attack the search giant says "resulted in the theft of intellectual property from Google." According to DailyFinance.com, Google is vowing to end its censorship of its Chinese language search site, a move that would be seen as thumbing its nose at the communist Chinese government.

In a post on the official Google Blog, Google SVP of Corporate Development and Chief Legal Officer David Drummond said that Google had been the victim of a cyber attack that originated from inside of China. However, Drummond also said that Google's intellectual property wasn't the main target of the attack; rather, the hackers appeared to be interested in accessing the Gmail accounts of human rights activists in China. While the attack only compromised two accounts on a limited basis, the subsequent investigation showed that "the accounts of dozens of U.S.-, China- and Europe-based Gmail users who are advocates of human rights in China appear to have been routinely accessed by third parties."

According to Drummond, the attacks -- combined with China's efforts to curtail free speech online in the past year -- has led Google to "conclude that we should review the feasibility of our business operations in China."

"We have decided we are no longer willing to continue censoring our results on Google.cn," he said, "and so over the next few weeks we will be discussing with the Chinese government the basis on which we could operate an unfiltered search engine within the law, if at all. We recognize that this may well mean having to shut down Google.cn, and potentially our offices in China."

from : Submit Express Newsletter

Our CEO, Pierre Zarokian, writes about Top 10 Twitter Tools for Visibility Magazine

2010-02-11T07:53:00.000-08:00

Submit Express CEO Pierre Zarokian shared some of his formidable knowledge with the world last month, as he laid out his Top 10 Twitter Tools in a guest article for Visibility Magazine. From tools to automate posting to finding relevant keywords, the tools highlighted in the article will help social media beginners and experts alike improve their outreach and get the most out of their Twitter experience.

from : Submit Express Newsletter

Microsoft and Yahoo! Finalize Partnership

2010-02-11T07:52:00.000-08:00

December 2009:

In December 2009 Microsoft and Yahoo! finalized a partnership deal that had been rumored for several months, with Yahoo! using Microsoft's Bing technology to power its search engine in exchange for providing Microsoft with its online ad sales expertise. The two sides reached an agreement in principle in July and later reached out to European Union regulators for permission to combine forces.

Media reports put the deal at ten years, with an expected rollout date for the combined effort in early 2010. According to a joint statement released by the company:

"Microsoft and Yahoo! believe that this deal will create a sustainable and more compelling alternative in search that can provide consumers, advertisers and publishers real choice, better value, and more innovation. Yahoo! and Microsoft welcome the broad support the deal has received from key players in the advertising industry and remain hopeful that the closing of the transaction can occur in early 2010."

from :Submit Express Newsletter

Google Updates Personalized Search Function

2010-02-11T07:51:00.000-08:00

December 2009:
In December 2009, Google released a new version of Personalized Search designed to deliver individual, customized results based on a person's search history. Personalized Search uses information from past searches to deliver results targeted to be the best fit for each individual user. According to a post on the Official Google Blog, one example would be that if a person visits a particular food site frequently, it would be ranked higher in the future when that person does a Google search for recipes.

Previously, Personalized Search had only been available to people who were signed in and had Web History enabled on their Google Accounts. The newest version of Personalized Search extended that feature to all users (even if they were not logged into Google) through their anonymous cookies from the past 180 days.

The announcement caused speculation within the industry about what impact this will have on search engine rankings and the process of optimization. While it is possible that there may be some volatility in search engine rankings in 2010 as the effects of Personalized Search are seen, Chris Boggs of Search Engine Watch feels that basic SEO best practices will still be necessary to ensure a proper search engine ranking.

from: Submit Express Newsletter

Search Engines Add Real-Time Search Functionality

2010-02-11T07:49:00.000-08:00

October 2009:
The increasing popularity of social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook forced search engines to have to address the challenge of real-time searches in 2009. In fact, in the span of one day in October, two of the major search engines announced plans to integrate real-time content from social media sites into their search results.

Bing was the first search engine to announce the integration of Twitter content into its search engine. Google followed up with a similar announcement later that day, adding the rollout of a new Google Labs experiment called Social Search. Through this feature, people conducting Web searches on Google can see results for queries specifically from people in their social network.

from : Submit Express Newsletter

5 Tips On Flirting Love

2010-02-11T07:08:00.000-08:00

Tips love is far more difficult than SEO or design. Love is blind, so must grope. Love is the most beautiful words ever spoken. And love is the first step that a war.

Not every guy in the world can get love from the girls. Because the ultimate girl determine whether you deserve a guy's dream or not.

Some of the things that make you (guys) he failed to get the version of this blog ... actually vent and personal experience hell:

1. Childishness

Nobody likes to see girls you childish. rather cranky, like noise, like looking for trouble, depending on other people, etc..

2. a clown

Many of my friends who is a playboy Suggest to not be a clown in front of the girls. First I was also confused. What could be a clown. What is a real clown? emang I do not look cute-cute's even a likely very ugly, but if you do not like clowns ...

Apparently .. the clown in question was a joke to entertain the girls. Volunteered to be the object of jokes. Doing silly things to make the him happy.

You are here not kidding each other with the girl but you become a joke to the girl happy. If you continue like that you just stuffed toys deemed by the girl. Considered boyfriend or husband ... do not expect.

3. Worried look

Many people think that having a gorgeous look will easily reach a boyfriend. YES indeed. But not for a husband. According to research that may be reliable sources that the women would prefer a mature man.

Look no further. Origin have not look so bad.

4. Not Being a leader

If you are really a man. You must show that you are indeed a man who would become leader. This has happened for thousands of years ... and never changed.

It's easy! When you want to call the him .. you should first nelpon and talking to him. Determine your Kemuadian subject. If you want to go to the movies you determine what movie to watch. If you want to go into your sights are also required in determining tourism that will go.

5. Spoiled girl

Fatal mistake of a man. Is to pamper the him. We take the example aja ... Buying expensive gifts every meet, buy into all the expensive restaurants in the city.

The girl's will love with it. But it was nothing more than the facilities you provide. Not because of the sincerity of their hearts.

And you will only be considered as a man who ngarep to be loved. No more than that

Give it proper and on certain days only. Unless the girl has become your wife.

May be useful if you want to be a man or a boy's dream player.

from :http://blogbintang.com/kesalahan-cinta-cowok-merayu-cewek

How to Obtain SmadAV Pro Free

2010-02-11T06:43:00.000-08:00

In the last posting was the author Antivirus SmadAV convey that there are two versions, namely version Free aka Free and Pro versions with donations / pay. The features in Pro SmadAV more complete than the Free version, although the ability SmadAV Free version no doubt. Well, now anyone can get the Pro version SmadAV donations but should now be free alias free. So how do I / SmadAV requirement for the Pro version for free?

An appreciation of SmadAV faithful lovers of local antiviral SmadAV and Indonesia in general, especially for bloggers because SmadAV Indonesia will provide free SmadAV Pronya without donations or pay. User SmadAV would have known efficacy SmadAV Free version of the virus in eradicating local share, with SmadAV Pro certainly no need to doubt his prowess in eradicating wild viruses. To get there is little provision of SmadAV but it's easy and fast ribet and processes, namely:
* You should have a blog / site.
* Banner SmadAV been put on the blog / site (must use the banner code 125 × 125 image below *).
* Your blog is already active for more than 1 month and have a traffic of visitors who are not too little.
* Sends a confirmation / request to http://forum.smadav.net/index.php?topic=674.0 or by email to request smadav@gmail.com Registration Key and do not forget to include your blog address it.

* HTML banner Smadavnya Code:

<a href=”http://www.smadav.net” title=”antivirus” target=”_blank”><img alt=”smadav antivirus indonesia” src=”http://www.smadav.net/smadav125.gif”></a>

If you want to see what kind of banner that you need to install, please look in the sidebar of this blog (top right) or you can immediately see it to http://forum.smadav.net/index.php?topic=674.0.

You interested? Come on .... Smadavnya immediately put banners and get SmadAV Pro for free!

from :http://wyw1d.wordpress.com/2009/10/09/mendapatkan-smadav-pro-gratis/

Tips For Making Flash Disk into RAM PC / Notebook

2010-02-11T06:29:00.000-08:00

The more applications you install on your computer will cause slow
computer performance, especially applications that use graphics and video smells of
hardware resource requires a fairly heavy. If this is allowed of course
will disrupt the productivity of our work. Actually there are many solutions to
overcome this problem, one of the most practical course yes upgraded hardware
his company, but in reality for this solution not everyone can do it
Due to limited budget one. If your computer now has a
limited memory capacity, there is one way to improve the speed of the computer work
namely by making the flash to add an "memory" or RAM.
Flashdisk which has been used only as a storage media can now be
used as "extra memory" with the help of software eBoostr, how?
easy, follow these steps:
•
Download
program
eBoostr
in
:
http://www.ziddu.com/download/2827607/eBoostr_beta.exe.html
Or at: http://uploaded.to/?id=aozpsn
•
Install / run this program by double-click
•
Perform booting to complete the installation, during the booting process jgn
forget to flash your plugged in the USB port Page 2

Select "Add cache device" select your flash drive, specify the amount of space
•
Select "Build Cache Now"
•
Wait until the system changed Active Status Page 3

To prove, try to open "Windows Explorer", select your Flashdisk Drive
then see "Properties" it.
Eboostr 3.0 Beta for this version has an additional feature that does not exist in versions
previously, namely:
•
Support Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008
•
There is a list of any application that can be prioritized for the "boost"
performance, the programs control panel eboostr select option - applications
priority .. - move (drag) which will be accelerated application performance (from the box
right to the left box), then Save like this ... Page 4

There viewer to view the cache statistics
•
Speednya cache can reach 100%
How? oya .. before you decide to buy RAM should try first
deh,,, guaranteed!
Good Try

from : Hasanuddin Siait